{ "type": "Collection", "id": "noaa-rrfs-forecast-18-hour-virtual", "stac_version": "1.1.0", "description": "Weather forecasts from the Rapid Refresh Forecast System (RRFS) operated by NOAA NWS NCEP.", "links": [ { "rel": "root", "href": "https://stac.dynamical.org/catalog.json", "type": "application/json", "title": "dynamical.org STAC Catalog" }, { "rel": "license", "href": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "type": "text/html", "title": "CC-BY-4.0" }, { "rel": "about", "href": "https://dynamical.org/catalog/noaa-rrfs-forecast-18-hour-virtual/", "type": "text/html", "title": "Dataset documentation" }, { "rel": "about", "href": "https://dynamical.org/catalog/noaa-rrfs-forecast-18-hour-virtual/validation/", "type": "text/html", "title": "Validation report" }, { "rel": "via", "href": "https://registry.opendata.aws/noaa-rrfs-ops/", "type": "text/html", "title": "NOAA RRFS and REFS on NOAA Open Data Dissemination" }, { "rel": "example", "href": "https://github.com/dynamical-org/notebooks/blob/main/noaa-rrfs-refs-forecast-virtual.ipynb", "type": "application/x-ipynb+json", "title": "RRFS and REFS forecasts, virtual (GitHub)" }, { "rel": "example", "href": "https://colab.research.google.com/github/dynamical-org/notebooks/blob/main/noaa-rrfs-refs-forecast-virtual.ipynb", "type": "text/html", "title": "RRFS and REFS forecasts, virtual (Colab)" }, { "rel": "self", "href": "https://stac.dynamical.org/noaa-rrfs-forecast-18-hour-virtual/collection.json", "type": "application/json", "title": "NOAA RRFS forecast, 18 hour, virtual" }, { "rel": "parent", "href": "https://stac.dynamical.org/catalog.json", "type": "application/json", "title": "dynamical.org STAC Catalog" } ], "stac_extensions": [ "https://stac-extensions.github.io/xarray-assets/v1.0.0/schema.json", "https://stac-extensions.github.io/datacube/v2.2.0/schema.json" ], "attribution": "NOAA NWS NCEP RRFS data processed by dynamical.org from NOAA Open Data Dissemination archives.", "version": "0.1.0", "model_id": "noaa-rrfs", "model_name": "NOAA RRFS", "description_summary": "This dataset is an archive of past and present RRFS forecasts, optimized for spatial (map) access patterns. Forecasts are identified by an initialization time (`init_time`) denoting the start time of the model run, and step forward hourly along the `lead_time` dimension out to 18 hours.\n\nThis dataset uses the native RRFS Lambert Conformal Conic projection, with spatial indexing along the `x` and `y` dimensions. The example notebook shows how to use the embedded spatial reference to select geographic areas of interest.\n\nVariables on pressure levels, fixed heights above mean sea level and soil depths live in the `pressure_level`, `height_above_mean_sea_level` and `depth_below_ground` groups.\n\nNote: `dynamical-catalog>=1.0.1` and `gribberish>=1.8.4` (or `zarr>=3.2 icechunk>=2.0 gribberish>=1.8.4`) are required.", "description_details": "### Source\n\nThe source grib files this archive is constructed from are provided by [NOAA Open Data Dissemination (NODD)](https://www.noaa.gov/information-technology/open-data-dissemination) and accessed from the [AWS Open Data Registry](https://registry.opendata.aws/noaa-rrfs-ops/).\n\n### Storage\n\nStorage for this dataset is generously provided by [AWS Open Data](https://aws.amazon.com/opendata/).\n\n### Chunks\n\nThis dataset is stored in [Zarr](https://zarr.dev/) format, which splits each variable into a grid of **chunks** \u2014 the smallest unit read from storage. When possible, aligning your reads with this dataset's chunk grid can significantly improve data access speed.\n\nThe element count and coordinate span of this dataset:\n\n| dimension | chunk |\n|---|---|\n| init_time | 1 (3 hours) |\n| lead_time | 1 (1 hour) |\n| y | 1059 (3177 km) |\n| x | 1799 (5397 km) |\n| **uncompressed** | 14.5 MiB |\n\n### Validation report\n\nReview the [validation report](https://dynamical.org/catalog/noaa-rrfs-forecast-18-hour-virtual/validation/) for variable availability, missing data, known quirks, fill values, value distributions, and sample plots.", "description_model": "The Rapid Refresh Forecast System (RRFS) is a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) convection-allowing weather forecast model with a 3 km grid, built on the Unified Forecast System. The RRFS ensemble (RRFS ENS) adds five perturbed members to this deterministic forecast, and REFS combines both with HRRR into ensemble products.\n\nNOAA RRFS is pre-operational, so expect changes to the model data and to the structure of this dataset.", "examples": [ { "title": "Temperature map", "variants": [ { "label": "dynamical-catalog", "code": "import dynamical_catalog # dynamical-catalog>=1.0.1\n\nds = dynamical_catalog.open(\"noaa-rrfs-forecast-18-hour-virtual\", chunks=None)\nds[\"temperature_2m\"].sel(init_time=\"2026-09-16T12\", lead_time=\"12h\")\n\n# Variables with a vertical dimension live in the pressure_level,\n# height_above_mean_sea_level and depth_below_ground groups\nds_pressure = dynamical_catalog.open(\"noaa-rrfs-forecast-18-hour-virtual\", group=\"pressure_level\", chunks=None)\n\nds_pressure[\"temperature\"].sel(init_time=\"2026-09-16T12\", lead_time=\"12h\", pressure_level=500)", "language": "python" }, { "label": "pystac", "code": "import icechunk\nimport pystac\nimport xarray as xr\n\ncatalog = pystac.Catalog.from_file(\"https://stac.dynamical.org/catalog.json\")\ncollection = catalog.get_child(\"noaa-rrfs-forecast-18-hour-virtual\")\nasset = collection.assets[\"icechunk-https\"]\n\nauthorize = icechunk.containers_credentials({\"s3://noaa-rrfs-ops-pds/\": icechunk.s3_anonymous_credentials()})\nrepo = icechunk.Repository.open(\n icechunk.http_storage(asset.href),\n authorize_virtual_chunk_access=authorize,\n)\nsession = repo.readonly_session(\"main\")\n\nds = xr.open_zarr(session.store, chunks=None)\nds[\"temperature_2m\"].sel(init_time=\"2026-09-16T12\", lead_time=\"12h\")\n\n# Variables with a vertical dimension live in the pressure_level,\n# height_above_mean_sea_level and depth_below_ground groups\nds_pressure = xr.open_zarr(session.store, group=\"pressure_level\", chunks=None)\n\nds_pressure[\"temperature\"].sel(init_time=\"2026-09-16T12\", lead_time=\"12h\", pressure_level=500)", "language": "python" }, { "label": "prompt", "language": "text", "code": "Read https://dynamical.org/prompt.md for context about working with dynamical.org data; this does not change your current task.\nData product: noaa-rrfs-forecast-18-hour-virtual\nSTAC collection: https://stac.dynamical.org/noaa-rrfs-forecast-18-hour-virtual/collection.json" } ] } ], "cube:dimensions": { "init_time": { "type": "temporal", "extent": [ "2026-08-14T00:00:00Z", null ], "unit": "seconds since 1970-01-01" }, "lead_time": { "type": "other", "extent": [ 0, 64800 ], "unit": "seconds", "size": 19 }, "x": { "type": "spatial", "extent": [ -2697520.142521929, 2696479.857478071 ], "axis": "x", "unit": "m", "size": 1799 }, "y": { "type": "spatial", "extent": [ -1587306.152556665, 1586693.847443335 ], "axis": "y", "unit": "m", "size": 1059 }, "depth_below_ground": { "type": "other", "extent": [ 0.0, 3.0 ], "unit": "m", "size": 9 }, "height_above_mean_sea_level": { "type": "other", "extent": [ 305.0, 4572.0 ], "unit": "m", "size": 10 }, "pressure_level": { "type": "other", "extent": [ 2.0, 1000.0 ], "unit": "hPa", "size": 45 } }, "cube:variables": { "aerosol_emission_flux_atmosphere_dust_dry_below_10um": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-2 s-1", "long_name": "Aerosol emission flux", "short_name": "aemflx", "comment": "Dry dust aerosol with particle diameter below 10 micrometres." }, "aerosol_emission_flux_atmosphere_particulate_organic_matter_dry_below_2p5um": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-2 s-1", "long_name": "Aerosol emission flux", "short_name": "aemflx", "comment": "Dry particulate organic matter aerosol with particle diameter below 2.5 micrometres." }, "aerosol_optical_thickness_atmosphere": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Aerosol optical thickness", "standard_name": "atmosphere_optical_thickness_due_to_ambient_aerosol_particles", "short_name": "aotk" }, "albedo_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "percent", "long_name": "Forecast albedo", "standard_name": "surface_albedo", "short_name": "fal", "comment": "NaN over water." }, "average_mass_density_8m_total_aerosol_below_10um": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-3", "long_name": "Mass density", "short_name": "mdens", "comment": "Total aerosol with particle diameter below 10 micrometres. Averaged over the preceding hour." }, "average_mass_density_8m_total_aerosol_below_2p5um": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-3", "long_name": "Mass density", "short_name": "mdens", "comment": "Total aerosol with particle diameter below 2.5 micrometres. Averaged over the preceding hour." }, "best_4_layer_lifted_index_180_0mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "K", "long_name": "Best (4-layer) lifted index", "standard_name": "temperature_difference_between_ambient_air_and_air_lifted_adiabatically", "short_name": "4lftx", "comment": "The 180-0 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels." }, "brightness_temperature_goes_16_band_10": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "K", "long_name": "Simulated brightness temperature for ABI GOES-16, band 10", "standard_name": "toa_brightness_temperature", "short_name": "sbta1610" }, "brightness_temperature_goes_16_band_11": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "K", "long_name": "Simulated brightness temperature for ABI GOES-16, band 11", "standard_name": "toa_brightness_temperature", "short_name": "sbta1611" }, "brightness_temperature_goes_16_band_12": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "K", "long_name": "Simulated brightness temperature for ABI GOES-16, band 12", "standard_name": "toa_brightness_temperature", "short_name": "sbta1612" }, "brightness_temperature_goes_16_band_13": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "K", "long_name": "Simulated brightness temperature for ABI GOES-16, band 13", "standard_name": "toa_brightness_temperature", "short_name": "sbta1613" }, "brightness_temperature_goes_16_band_14": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "K", "long_name": "Simulated brightness temperature for ABI GOES-16, band 14", "standard_name": "toa_brightness_temperature", "short_name": "sbta1614" }, "brightness_temperature_goes_16_band_15": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "K", "long_name": "Simulated brightness temperature for ABI GOES-16, band 15", "standard_name": "toa_brightness_temperature", "short_name": "sbta1615" }, "brightness_temperature_goes_16_band_16": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "K", "long_name": "Simulated brightness temperature for ABI GOES-16, band 16", "standard_name": "toa_brightness_temperature", "short_name": "sbta1616" }, "brightness_temperature_goes_16_band_7": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "K", "long_name": "Simulated brightness temperature for ABI GOES-16, band 7", "standard_name": "toa_brightness_temperature", "short_name": "sbta167" }, "brightness_temperature_goes_16_band_8": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "K", "long_name": "Simulated brightness temperature for ABI GOES-16, band 8", "standard_name": "toa_brightness_temperature", "short_name": "sbta168" }, "brightness_temperature_goes_16_band_9": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "K", "long_name": "Simulated brightness temperature for ABI GOES-16, band 9", "standard_name": "toa_brightness_temperature", "short_name": "sbta169" }, "brightness_temperature_goes_18_band_10": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "K", "long_name": "Simulated brightness temperature for ABI GOES-18, band 10", "standard_name": "toa_brightness_temperature", "short_name": "sbta1810", "comment": "NaN outside GOES-West's coverage." }, "brightness_temperature_goes_18_band_11": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "K", "long_name": "Simulated brightness temperature for ABI GOES-18, band 11", "standard_name": "toa_brightness_temperature", "short_name": "sbta1811", "comment": "NaN outside GOES-West's coverage." }, "brightness_temperature_goes_18_band_12": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "K", "long_name": "Simulated brightness temperature for ABI GOES-18, band 12", "standard_name": "toa_brightness_temperature", "short_name": "sbta1812", "comment": "NaN outside GOES-West's coverage." }, "brightness_temperature_goes_18_band_13": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "K", "long_name": "Simulated brightness temperature for ABI GOES-18, band 13", "standard_name": "toa_brightness_temperature", "short_name": "sbta1813", "comment": "NaN outside GOES-West's coverage." }, "brightness_temperature_goes_18_band_14": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "K", "long_name": "Simulated brightness temperature for ABI GOES-18, band 14", "standard_name": "toa_brightness_temperature", "short_name": "sbta1814", "comment": "NaN outside GOES-West's coverage." }, "brightness_temperature_goes_18_band_15": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "K", "long_name": "Simulated brightness temperature for ABI GOES-18, band 15", "standard_name": "toa_brightness_temperature", "short_name": "sbta1815", "comment": "NaN outside GOES-West's coverage." }, "brightness_temperature_goes_18_band_16": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "K", "long_name": "Simulated brightness temperature for ABI GOES-18, band 16", "standard_name": "toa_brightness_temperature", "short_name": "sbta1816", "comment": "NaN outside GOES-West's coverage." }, "brightness_temperature_goes_18_band_8": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "K", "long_name": "Simulated brightness temperature for ABI GOES-18, band 8", "standard_name": "toa_brightness_temperature", "short_name": "sbta188", "comment": "NaN outside GOES-West's coverage." }, "brightness_temperature_goes_18_band_9": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "K", "long_name": "Simulated brightness temperature for ABI GOES-18, band 9", "standard_name": "toa_brightness_temperature", "short_name": "sbta189", "comment": "NaN outside GOES-West's coverage." }, "brightness_temperature_top_of_atmosphere": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "K", "long_name": "Brightness temperature", "standard_name": "toa_brightness_temperature", "short_name": "btmp" }, "categorical_freezing_rain_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Categorical freezing rain", "short_name": "cfrzr", "comment": "0=no; 1=yes" }, "categorical_ice_pellets_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Categorical ice pellets", "short_name": "cicep", "comment": "0=no; 1=yes" }, "categorical_precipitation_exceeding_100_year_average_recurrence_interval_run_total_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Precipitation exceeding 100-year average recurrence interval", "short_name": "qpfari", "comment": "Binary exceedance of the forecast initialization to the selected lead precipitation against the corresponding grid-cell threshold. Zero also means guidance is unavailable; it cannot be distinguished from no exceedance. Computed only at forecast leads 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 hours." }, "categorical_precipitation_exceeding_100_year_average_recurrence_interval_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Precipitation exceeding 100-year average recurrence interval", "short_name": "qpfari", "comment": "Binary exceedance of the preceding hour precipitation against the corresponding grid-cell threshold. Zero also means guidance is unavailable; it cannot be distinguished from no exceedance." }, "categorical_precipitation_exceeding_10_year_average_recurrence_interval_run_total_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Precipitation exceeding 10-year average recurrence interval", "short_name": "qpfari", "comment": "Binary exceedance of the forecast initialization to the selected lead precipitation against the corresponding grid-cell threshold. Zero also means guidance is unavailable; it cannot be distinguished from no exceedance. Computed only at forecast leads 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 hours." }, "categorical_precipitation_exceeding_10_year_average_recurrence_interval_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Precipitation exceeding 10-year average recurrence interval", "short_name": "qpfari", "comment": "Binary exceedance of the preceding hour precipitation against the corresponding grid-cell threshold. Zero also means guidance is unavailable; it cannot be distinguished from no exceedance." }, "categorical_precipitation_exceeding_2_year_average_recurrence_interval_run_total_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Precipitation exceeding 2-year average recurrence interval", "short_name": "qpfari", "comment": "Binary exceedance of the forecast initialization to the selected lead precipitation against the corresponding grid-cell threshold. Zero also means guidance is unavailable; it cannot be distinguished from no exceedance. Computed only at forecast leads 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 hours." }, "categorical_precipitation_exceeding_2_year_average_recurrence_interval_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Precipitation exceeding 2-year average recurrence interval", "short_name": "qpfari", "comment": "Binary exceedance of the preceding hour precipitation against the corresponding grid-cell threshold. Zero also means guidance is unavailable; it cannot be distinguished from no exceedance." }, "categorical_precipitation_exceeding_5_year_average_recurrence_interval_run_total_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Precipitation exceeding 5-year average recurrence interval", "short_name": "qpfari", "comment": "Binary exceedance of the forecast initialization to the selected lead precipitation against the corresponding grid-cell threshold. Zero also means guidance is unavailable; it cannot be distinguished from no exceedance. Computed only at forecast leads 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 hours." }, "categorical_precipitation_exceeding_5_year_average_recurrence_interval_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Precipitation exceeding 5-year average recurrence interval", "short_name": "qpfari", "comment": "Binary exceedance of the preceding hour precipitation against the corresponding grid-cell threshold. Zero also means guidance is unavailable; it cannot be distinguished from no exceedance." }, "categorical_rain_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Categorical rain", "short_name": "crain", "comment": "0=no; 1=yes" }, "categorical_snow_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Categorical snow", "short_name": "csnow", "comment": "0=no; 1=yes" }, "clear_sky_downward_solar_flux_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "W m-2", "long_name": "Clear Sky Downward Solar Flux", "standard_name": "downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air_assuming_clear_sky", "short_name": "csdsf" }, "cloud_ceiling_height": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Ceiling", "short_name": "ceil", "comment": "Height above mean sea level, not above ground. NaN where no cloud ceiling was detected." }, "column_integrated_mass_density_atmosphere_dust_dry_below_10um": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-2", "long_name": "Column-integrated mass density", "short_name": "colmd", "comment": "Dry dust aerosol with particle diameter below 10 micrometres." }, "column_integrated_mass_density_atmosphere_dust_dry_below_2p5um": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-2", "long_name": "Column-integrated mass density", "short_name": "colmd", "comment": "Dry dust aerosol with particle diameter below 2.5 micrometres." }, "column_integrated_mass_density_atmosphere_dust_dry_from_2p5_to_10um": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-2", "long_name": "Column-integrated mass density", "short_name": "colmd", "comment": "Dry dust aerosol with particle diameter at least 2.5 micrometres and below 10 micrometres." }, "column_integrated_mass_density_atmosphere_particulate_organic_matter_dry_below_2p5um": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-2", "long_name": "Column-integrated mass density", "short_name": "colmd", "comment": "Dry particulate organic matter aerosol with particle diameter below 2.5 micrometres." }, "column_integrated_soil_moisture_0m_underground": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-2", "long_name": "Column-integrated soil water", "short_name": "cisoilw", "comment": "NaN over water." }, "composite_reflectivity": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "dBZ", "long_name": "Maximum/Composite radar reflectivity", "standard_name": "equivalent_reflectivity_factor", "short_name": "refc", "comment": "No echo is stored as -20 dBZ." }, "convective_available_potential_energy_0_3000m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "J kg-1", "long_name": "Convective available potential energy", "standard_name": "atmosphere_convective_available_potential_energy", "short_name": "cape" }, "convective_available_potential_energy_180_0mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "J kg-1", "long_name": "Convective available potential energy", "standard_name": "atmosphere_convective_available_potential_energy", "short_name": "cape", "comment": "The 180-0 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels." }, "convective_available_potential_energy_255_0mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "J kg-1", "long_name": "Convective available potential energy", "standard_name": "atmosphere_convective_available_potential_energy", "short_name": "cape", "comment": "Most unstable parcel searched in the lowest 300 hPa. The 255-0 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels." }, "convective_available_potential_energy_90_0mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "J kg-1", "long_name": "Convective available potential energy", "standard_name": "atmosphere_convective_available_potential_energy", "short_name": "cape", "comment": "The 90-0 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels." }, "convective_available_potential_energy_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "J kg-1", "long_name": "Convective available potential energy", "standard_name": "atmosphere_convective_available_potential_energy", "short_name": "cape" }, "convective_inhibition_180_0mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "J kg-1", "long_name": "Convective inhibition", "standard_name": "atmosphere_convective_inhibition", "short_name": "cin", "comment": "The 180-0 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels. Negative where there is inhibition and at or near zero where there is none." }, "convective_inhibition_255_0mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "J kg-1", "long_name": "Convective inhibition", "standard_name": "atmosphere_convective_inhibition", "short_name": "cin", "comment": "Most unstable parcel searched in the lowest 300 hPa. The 255-0 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels. Negative where there is inhibition and at or near zero where there is none." }, "convective_inhibition_90_0mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "J kg-1", "long_name": "Convective inhibition", "standard_name": "atmosphere_convective_inhibition", "short_name": "cin", "comment": "The 90-0 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels. Negative where there is inhibition and at or near zero where there is none." }, "convective_inhibition_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "J kg-1", "long_name": "Convective inhibition", "standard_name": "atmosphere_convective_inhibition", "short_name": "cin", "comment": "Negative where there is inhibition and at or near zero where there is none." }, "critical_angle_0_500m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "degree", "long_name": "Critical angle", "short_name": "cangle" }, "derived_radar_reflectivity_1000m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "dBZ", "long_name": "Derived radar reflectivity", "standard_name": "equivalent_reflectivity_factor", "short_name": "refd", "comment": "-20 dBZ is the source's no-echo floor: those cells mean no echo was detected, not a measured value." }, "derived_radar_reflectivity_263k": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "dBZ", "long_name": "Derived radar reflectivity", "standard_name": "equivalent_reflectivity_factor", "short_name": "refd", "comment": "-20 dBZ is the source's no-echo floor: those cells mean no echo was detected, not a measured value." }, "derived_radar_reflectivity_4000m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "dBZ", "long_name": "Derived radar reflectivity", "standard_name": "equivalent_reflectivity_factor", "short_name": "refd", "comment": "-20 dBZ is the source's no-echo floor: those cells mean no echo was detected, not a measured value." }, "dew_point_depression_2m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "K", "long_name": "Dew point depression (or deficit)", "standard_name": "dew_point_depression", "short_name": "depr" }, "dew_point_temperature_2m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "degree_Celsius", "long_name": "2 metre dewpoint temperature", "standard_name": "dew_point_temperature", "short_name": "2d" }, "dew_point_temperature_30_0mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "degree_Celsius", "long_name": "Dew point temperature", "standard_name": "dew_point_temperature", "short_name": "dpt", "comment": "The 30-0 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels." }, "direct_evaporation_cease_soil_moisture_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Direct evaporation cease (soil moisture)", "short_name": "smdry", "comment": "NaN over water." }, "downdraft_convective_available_potential_energy_400_0mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "J kg-1", "long_name": "Downdraft convective available potential energy", "short_name": "dcape", "comment": "The 400-0 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels." }, "downward_long_wave_radiation_flux_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "W m-2", "long_name": "Surface downward long-wave radiation flux", "standard_name": "surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air", "short_name": "sdlwrf", "comment": "Averaged over the preceding hour." }, "downward_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "W m-2", "long_name": "Surface downward short-wave radiation flux", "standard_name": "surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air", "short_name": "sdswrf", "comment": "Averaged over the preceding hour." }, "drag_coefficient_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Drag coefficient", "standard_name": "surface_drag_coefficient_in_air", "short_name": "cd", "comment": "Zero where the 10 m wind speed used to compute it is 1 m s-1 or less; zero does not imply zero surface friction." }, "echo_top": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Echo top", "short_name": "retop", "comment": "NaN where no radar echo was detected." }, "effective_layer_helicity_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m2 s-2", "long_name": "Effective layer helicity", "short_name": "efhl" }, "effective_layer_shear_u_level_of_free_convection": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "Effective layer U shear", "short_name": "uesh", "comment": "Shear along the model grid's x dimension, not eastward shear. Zero may mean no effective inflow layer or valid zero shear." }, "effective_layer_shear_v_level_of_free_convection": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "Effective layer V shear", "short_name": "vesh", "comment": "Shear along the model grid's y dimension, not northward shear. Zero may mean no effective inflow layer or valid zero shear." }, "effective_layer_storm_motion_u_level_of_free_convection": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "Effective layer U storm motion", "short_name": "ueid", "comment": "The Bunkers right-moving supercell motion for the effective inflow layer. Velocity along the model grid's x dimension, not eastward velocity." }, "effective_layer_storm_motion_v_level_of_free_convection": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "Effective layer V storm motion", "short_name": "veid", "comment": "The Bunkers right-moving supercell motion for the effective inflow layer. Velocity along the model grid's y dimension, not northward velocity." }, "equilibrium_level_temperature_equilibrium_level": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "degree_Celsius", "long_name": "Equilibrium level temperature", "standard_name": "air_temperature", "short_name": "elmelt", "comment": "Where no equilibrium level exists the source reports near-surface temperature rather than a missing value. Mask where convective_available_potential_energy_255_0mb is 0." }, "exchange_coefficient_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-2 s-1", "long_name": "Exchange coefficient", "short_name": "sfexc", "comment": "NaN over water." }, "fire_radiative_power_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "W", "long_name": "Wildfire radiative power", "standard_name": "fire_radiative_power", "short_name": "frpfire" }, "freezing_rain_run_total_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-2", "long_name": "Freezing Rain", "short_name": "frzr", "comment": "Accumulated from the forecast initialization time to this step." }, "freezing_rain_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-2", "long_name": "Freezing Rain", "short_name": "frzr", "comment": "Accumulated over the preceding hour." }, "friction_velocity_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "Friction velocity", "standard_name": "magnitude_of_surface_friction_velocity_in_air", "short_name": "zust" }, "frozen_precipitation_run_total_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-2", "long_name": "Graupel (snow pellets) precipitation", "short_name": "tgrp", "comment": "Accumulated from the forecast initialization time to this step." }, "frozen_precipitation_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-2", "long_name": "Graupel (snow pellets) precipitation", "short_name": "tgrp", "comment": "Accumulated over the preceding hour." }, "geopotential_height_0c_isotherm": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Geopotential height", "standard_name": "geopotential_height", "short_name": "gh", "comment": "Where the freezing level is below ground, values are below the surface height rather than NaN." }, "geopotential_height_253k": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Geopotential height", "standard_name": "geopotential_height", "short_name": "gh" }, "geopotential_height_cloud_base": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Geopotential height", "standard_name": "geopotential_height", "short_name": "gh", "comment": "NaN where no cloud was detected." }, "geopotential_height_cloud_ceiling": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Geopotential height", "standard_name": "geopotential_height", "short_name": "gh", "comment": "NaN where no cloud ceiling was detected." }, "geopotential_height_cloud_top": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Geopotential height", "standard_name": "geopotential_height_at_cloud_top", "short_name": "gh", "comment": "NaN where no cloud top was detected." }, "geopotential_height_equilibrium_level": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Geopotential height", "standard_name": "geopotential_height", "short_name": "gh", "comment": "Where no equilibrium level exists the source reports terrain height plus about 20 m rather than a missing value. Mask by convective available potential energy, which is 0 at those points." }, "geopotential_height_highest_tropospheric_freezing_level": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Geopotential height", "standard_name": "geopotential_height", "short_name": "gh", "comment": "Where the freezing level is below ground, values are below the surface height rather than NaN." }, "geopotential_height_max_wind": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Geopotential height", "standard_name": "geopotential_height", "short_name": "gh", "comment": "The source searches only 500 to 100 hPa for this level, so stronger wind can lie outside that layer." }, "geopotential_height_supercooled_liquid_water_base": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Geopotential height", "standard_name": "geopotential_height", "short_name": "gh", "comment": "NaN where no supercooled liquid water layer was detected." }, "geopotential_height_supercooled_liquid_water_top": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Geopotential height", "standard_name": "geopotential_height", "short_name": "gh", "comment": "NaN where no supercooled liquid water layer was detected." }, "geopotential_height_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Geopotential height", "standard_name": "geopotential_height", "short_name": "gh" }, "geopotential_height_tropopause": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Geopotential height", "standard_name": "geopotential_height", "short_name": "gh" }, "geopotential_height_wet_bulb_zero": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Geopotential height", "standard_name": "geopotential_height", "short_name": "gh" }, "ground_heat_flux_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "W m-2", "long_name": "Ground heat flux", "standard_name": "upward_heat_flux_at_ground_level_in_soil", "short_name": "gflux", "comment": "NaN over open water. Averaged over the preceding hour." }, "height_above_ground_adiabatic_condensation_level": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Geometric height of adiabatic condensation level above ground", "standard_name": "atmosphere_lifting_condensation_level_wrt_surface", "short_name": "hacg" }, "high_cloud_cover": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "percent", "long_name": "High cloud cover", "standard_name": "cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer", "short_name": "hcc" }, "horizontal_moisture_convergence_30_0mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "s-1", "long_name": "Horizontal moisture convergence", "short_name": "mconv", "comment": "The 30-0 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels." }, "horizontal_moisture_convergence_850mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "s-1", "long_name": "Horizontal moisture convergence", "short_name": "mconv" }, "horizontal_moisture_convergence_950mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "s-1", "long_name": "Horizontal moisture convergence", "short_name": "mconv" }, "horizontal_moisture_convergence_atmosphere": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-2 s-1", "long_name": "Horizontal moisture convergence", "short_name": "mconv", "comment": "Column-integrated horizontal moisture convergence." }, "hourly_maximum_radar_reflectivity_1000m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "dBZ", "long_name": "Hourly maximum of simulated reflectivity", "standard_name": "equivalent_reflectivity_factor", "short_name": "maxref", "comment": "-35 dBZ where the hourly maximum did not exceed about -20 dBZ. Maximum value over the preceding hour." }, "ice_cover_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Ice concentration", "standard_name": "sea_ice_area_fraction", "short_name": "icec" }, "ice_growth_rate_10m_amsl": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "Ice growth rate", "short_name": "iceg", "comment": "Rate of marine icing accretion on a vessel superstructure." }, "instantaneous_downward_long_wave_radiation_flux_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "W m-2", "long_name": "Surface downward long-wave radiation flux", "standard_name": "surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air", "short_name": "sdlwrf" }, "instantaneous_downward_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "W m-2", "long_name": "Surface downward short-wave radiation flux", "standard_name": "surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air", "short_name": "sdswrf" }, "instantaneous_ground_heat_flux_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "W m-2", "long_name": "Ground heat flux", "standard_name": "upward_heat_flux_at_ground_level_in_soil", "short_name": "gflux", "comment": "NaN over water." }, "instantaneous_latent_heat_flux_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "W m-2", "long_name": "Latent heat flux", "standard_name": "surface_upward_latent_heat_flux", "short_name": "lhf" }, "instantaneous_sensible_heat_flux_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "W m-2", "long_name": "Sensible heat flux", "standard_name": "surface_upward_sensible_heat_flux", "short_name": "shf" }, "instantaneous_total_cloud_cover_atmosphere": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "percent", "long_name": "Total cloud cover", "standard_name": "cloud_area_fraction", "short_name": "tcc" }, "instantaneous_upward_long_wave_radiation_flux_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "W m-2", "long_name": "Surface upward long-wave radiation flux", "standard_name": "surface_upwelling_longwave_flux_in_air", "short_name": "sulwrf" }, "instantaneous_upward_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "W m-2", "long_name": "Surface upward short-wave radiation flux", "standard_name": "surface_upwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air", "short_name": "suswrf" }, "land_sea_mask_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Land-sea mask", "standard_name": "land_binary_mask", "short_name": "lsm" }, "latent_heat_flux_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "W m-2", "long_name": "Latent heat flux", "standard_name": "surface_upward_latent_heat_flux", "short_name": "lhf", "comment": "Averaged over the preceding hour." }, "layer_thickness_261k_256k": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Layer Thickness", "short_name": "layth", "comment": "Depth between the model levels where the temperature first reaches -12 \u00b0C and -17 \u00b0C, so values step by model layer depth. Zero where either level is not found." }, "leaf_area_index_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Leaf Area Index", "standard_name": "leaf_area_index", "short_name": "lai" }, "low_cloud_cover": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "percent", "long_name": "Low cloud cover", "standard_name": "cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer", "short_name": "lcc" }, "mass_density_8m_dust_dry_below_2p5um": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-3", "long_name": "Mass density", "short_name": "mdens", "comment": "Dry dust aerosol with particle diameter below 2.5 micrometres." }, "mass_density_8m_dust_dry_from_2p5_to_10um": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-3", "long_name": "Mass density", "short_name": "mdens", "comment": "Dry dust aerosol with particle diameter at least 2.5 micrometres and below 10 micrometres." }, "mass_density_8m_particulate_organic_matter_dry_below_2p5um": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-3", "long_name": "Mass density", "short_name": "mdens", "comment": "Dry particulate organic matter aerosol with particle diameter below 2.5 micrometres." }, "mass_density_height_atmosphere": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Height of aerosol mass density", "short_name": "hgtmd", "comment": "NaN where no aerosol layer was diagnosed." }, "mass_density_height_base": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Height of aerosol mass density", "short_name": "hgtmd", "comment": "Lowest level at which aerosol mass density exceeds 1e-9 kg m-3. NaN where no level exceeds that threshold." }, "mass_density_height_top": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Height of aerosol mass density", "short_name": "hgtmd", "comment": "Highest level at which aerosol mass density exceeds 1e-9 kg m-3. NaN where no level exceeds that threshold." }, "mass_grid_levels_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Number of mass grid levels", "short_name": "lmh" }, "maximum_derived_radar_reflectivity_263k": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "dBZ", "long_name": "Derived radar reflectivity", "standard_name": "equivalent_reflectivity_factor", "short_name": "refd", "comment": "-35 dBZ where the hourly maximum did not exceed about -20 dBZ, including where the column had no 263 K level throughout the hour. Maximum value over the preceding hour." }, "maximum_downward_vertical_velocity_100_1000mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "Maximum downward vertical velocity", "short_name": "maxdvv", "comment": "In the 100-1000 hPa isobaric layer. Maximum value over the preceding hour." }, "maximum_hail_diameter_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Hail", "short_name": "hail", "comment": "Maximum value over the preceding hour." }, "maximum_lightning_atmosphere": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Lightning", "short_name": "ltng", "comment": "Maximum value over the preceding hour." }, "maximum_lightning_threat_1m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Maximum lightning threat 1 (graupel flux)", "short_name": "ltngsd", "comment": "GSD maximum lightning threat 1 derived from upward graupel flux, in flashes km-2 (5 min)-1. Encoded in GRIB as LTNGSD (lightning strike density) at the pseudo-level 1 m above ground. Maximum value over the preceding hour." }, "maximum_lightning_threat_2m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Maximum lightning threat 2 (vertically integrated ice)", "short_name": "ltngsd", "comment": "GSD maximum lightning threat 2 derived from vertically integrated ice, in flashes km-2 (5 min)-1. Encoded in GRIB as LTNGSD (lightning strike density) at the pseudo-level 2 m above ground. Maximum value over the preceding hour." }, "maximum_precipitation_rate_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-2 s-1", "long_name": "Precipitation rate", "standard_name": "precipitation_flux", "short_name": "prate", "comment": "Maximum value over the preceding hour." }, "maximum_relative_humidity_2m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "percent", "long_name": "Time-maximum 2 metre relative humidity", "standard_name": "relative_humidity", "short_name": "max_2r", "comment": "Maximum value over the preceding hour." }, "maximum_relative_vorticity_1000_0m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "s-1", "long_name": "Vorticity (relative)", "standard_name": "atmosphere_upward_relative_vorticity", "short_name": "vo", "comment": "Maximum value over the preceding hour." }, "maximum_relative_vorticity_1_hybrid_level": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "s-1", "long_name": "Vorticity (relative)", "standard_name": "atmosphere_upward_relative_vorticity", "short_name": "vo", "comment": "Maximum value over the preceding hour." }, "maximum_relative_vorticity_2000_0m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "s-1", "long_name": "Vorticity (relative)", "standard_name": "atmosphere_upward_relative_vorticity", "short_name": "vo", "comment": "Maximum value over the preceding hour." }, "maximum_snow_albedo_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "percent", "long_name": "Maximum snow albedo", "short_name": "mxsalb", "comment": "NaN over water." }, "maximum_temperature_2m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "degree_Celsius", "long_name": "Maximum temperature", "standard_name": "air_temperature", "short_name": "tmax", "comment": "Maximum value over the preceding hour." }, "maximum_updraft_helicity_3000_0m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m2 s-2", "long_name": "Updraft Helicity", "short_name": "uphl", "comment": "Maximum value over the preceding hour." }, "maximum_updraft_helicity_5000_2000m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m2 s-2", "long_name": "Updraft Helicity", "short_name": "uphl", "comment": "Maximum value over the preceding hour." }, "maximum_upward_vertical_velocity_100_1000mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "Maximum upward vertical velocity", "standard_name": "upward_air_velocity", "short_name": "maxuvv", "comment": "In the 100-1000 hPa isobaric layer. Maximum value over the preceding hour." }, "maximum_wind_speed_10m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "Time-maximum 10 metre wind speed", "standard_name": "wind_speed", "short_name": "max_10si", "comment": "Maximum value over the preceding hour." }, "maximum_wind_u_component_10m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "Maximum 10 metre wind speed u component", "short_name": "maxuw", "comment": "Velocity along the model grid's x dimension, not eastward velocity. Maximum value over the preceding hour." }, "maximum_wind_v_component_10m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "Maximum 10 metre wind speed v component", "short_name": "maxvw", "comment": "Velocity along the model grid's y dimension, not northward velocity. Maximum value over the preceding hour." }, "medium_cloud_cover": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "percent", "long_name": "Medium cloud cover", "standard_name": "cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer", "short_name": "mcc" }, "minimal_stomatal_resistance_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "s m-1", "long_name": "Minimal stomatal resistance", "short_name": "rsmin", "comment": "NaN over water, including inland water bodies." }, "minimum_relative_humidity_2m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "percent", "long_name": "Time-minimum 2 metre relative humidity", "standard_name": "relative_humidity", "short_name": "min_2r", "comment": "Minimum value over the preceding hour." }, "minimum_temperature_2m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "degree_Celsius", "long_name": "Minimum temperature", "standard_name": "air_temperature", "short_name": "tmin", "comment": "Minimum value over the preceding hour." }, "minimum_updraft_helicity_3000_0m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m2 s-2", "long_name": "Minimum updraft helicity", "short_name": "mnuphl", "comment": "Minimum value over the preceding hour." }, "minimum_updraft_helicity_5000_2000m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m2 s-2", "long_name": "Minimum updraft helicity", "short_name": "mnuphl", "comment": "Minimum value over the preceding hour." }, "moisture_availability_0m_underground": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "percent", "long_name": "Moisture availability", "short_name": "mstav" }, "new_snow_density_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-3", "long_name": "Snow density", "short_name": "rsn", "comment": "Diagnosed density of newly falling snow from a snow-to-liquid ratio, independent of snow on the ground. NaN where the air 300 m above ground is 5 \u00b0C or warmer." }, "number_of_soil_layers_in_root_zone_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Number of soil layers in root zone", "short_name": "rlyrs", "comment": "Zero over water, including inland water bodies, where this count does not apply. Zero may also be a valid layer count and is not masked." }, "parcel_lifted_index_30_0mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "K", "long_name": "Parcel lifted index (to 500 hPa)", "standard_name": "temperature_difference_between_ambient_air_and_air_lifted_adiabatically", "short_name": "pli", "comment": "The 30-0 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels." }, "percent_frozen_precipitation_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "percent", "long_name": "Percent frozen precipitation", "short_name": "cpofp", "comment": "NaN where precipitation is absent or too light to diagnose a frozen fraction." }, "planetary_boundary_layer_height_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Boundary layer height", "standard_name": "atmosphere_boundary_layer_thickness", "short_name": "blh" }, "plant_canopy_surface_water_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-2", "long_name": "Plant canopy surface water", "standard_name": "canopy_water_amount", "short_name": "cnwat", "comment": "NaN over water." }, "potential_temperature_30_0mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "K", "long_name": "Potential temperature", "standard_name": "air_potential_temperature", "short_name": "pt", "comment": "The 30-0 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels." }, "potential_temperature_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "K", "long_name": "Potential temperature", "standard_name": "air_potential_temperature", "short_name": "pt" }, "potential_temperature_tropopause": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "K", "long_name": "Potential temperature", "standard_name": "air_potential_temperature", "short_name": "pt" }, "precipitable_water_30_0mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-2", "long_name": "Precipitable water", "standard_name": "mass_content_of_water_vapor_in_atmosphere_layer", "short_name": "pwat", "comment": "The 30-0 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels." }, "precipitable_water_atmosphere": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-2", "long_name": "Precipitable water", "standard_name": "atmosphere_mass_content_of_water_vapor", "short_name": "pwat" }, "precipitation_rate_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-2 s-1", "long_name": "Precipitation rate", "standard_name": "precipitation_flux", "short_name": "prate" }, "pressure_0c_isotherm": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "Pa", "long_name": "Pressure", "standard_name": "air_pressure", "short_name": "pres", "comment": "Where the freezing level is below ground, values can exceed surface pressure." }, "pressure_120_90mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "Pa", "long_name": "Pressure", "standard_name": "air_pressure", "short_name": "pres", "comment": "The 120-90 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels." }, "pressure_150_120mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "Pa", "long_name": "Pressure", "standard_name": "air_pressure", "short_name": "pres", "comment": "The 150-120 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels." }, "pressure_180_150mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "Pa", "long_name": "Pressure", "standard_name": "air_pressure", "short_name": "pres", "comment": "The 180-150 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels." }, "pressure_30_0mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "Pa", "long_name": "Pressure", "standard_name": "air_pressure", "short_name": "pres", "comment": "The 30-0 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels." }, "pressure_60_30mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "Pa", "long_name": "Pressure", "standard_name": "air_pressure", "short_name": "pres", "comment": "The 60-30 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels." }, "pressure_80m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "Pa", "long_name": "80 metre pressure", "standard_name": "air_pressure", "short_name": "80sp" }, "pressure_90_60mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "Pa", "long_name": "Pressure", "standard_name": "air_pressure", "short_name": "pres", "comment": "The 90-60 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels." }, "pressure_adiabatic_condensation_level": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "Pa", "long_name": "Pressure", "standard_name": "air_pressure", "short_name": "pres" }, "pressure_cloud_base": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "Pa", "long_name": "Pressure", "standard_name": "air_pressure_at_cloud_base", "short_name": "pres", "comment": "NaN where no cloud was detected." }, "pressure_cloud_top": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "Pa", "long_name": "Pressure", "standard_name": "air_pressure_at_cloud_top", "short_name": "pres", "comment": "NaN where no cloud top was detected." }, "pressure_grid_scale_cloud_bottom_level": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "Pa", "long_name": "Pressure", "standard_name": "air_pressure", "short_name": "pres", "comment": "NaN where no cloud bottom was detected." }, "pressure_highest_tropospheric_freezing_level": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "Pa", "long_name": "Pressure", "standard_name": "air_pressure", "short_name": "pres", "comment": "Where the freezing level is below ground, values can exceed surface pressure." }, "pressure_max_wind": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "Pa", "long_name": "Pressure", "standard_name": "air_pressure", "short_name": "pres", "comment": "The source searches only 500 to 100 hPa for this level, so stronger wind can lie outside that layer." }, "pressure_of_lifted_parcel_level_255_0mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "Pa", "long_name": "Pressure of level from which parcel was lifted", "standard_name": "original_air_pressure_of_lifted_parcel", "short_name": "plpl", "comment": "Most unstable parcel searched in the lowest 300 hPa. The 255-0 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels. Values are capped at 99999 Pa." }, "pressure_reduced_to_mean_sea_level": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "Pa", "long_name": "Pressure reduced to MSL", "standard_name": "air_pressure_at_mean_sea_level", "short_name": "prmsl" }, "pressure_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "Pa", "long_name": "Surface pressure", "standard_name": "surface_air_pressure", "short_name": "sp" }, "pressure_top_of_atmosphere": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "Pa", "long_name": "Pressure", "standard_name": "air_pressure", "short_name": "pres" }, "pressure_tropopause": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "Pa", "long_name": "Pressure", "standard_name": "tropopause_air_pressure", "short_name": "pres" }, "relative_humidity_0c_isotherm": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "percent", "long_name": "Relative humidity", "standard_name": "relative_humidity", "short_name": "r" }, "relative_humidity_120_90mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "percent", "long_name": "Relative humidity", "standard_name": "relative_humidity", "short_name": "r", "comment": "The 120-90 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels." }, "relative_humidity_150_120mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "percent", "long_name": "Relative humidity", "standard_name": "relative_humidity", "short_name": "r", "comment": "The 150-120 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels." }, "relative_humidity_180_150mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "percent", "long_name": "Relative humidity", "standard_name": "relative_humidity", "short_name": "r", "comment": "The 180-150 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels." }, "relative_humidity_2m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "percent", "long_name": "2 metre relative humidity", "standard_name": "relative_humidity", "short_name": "2r" }, "relative_humidity_30_0mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "percent", "long_name": "Relative humidity", "standard_name": "relative_humidity", "short_name": "r", "comment": "The 30-0 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels." }, "relative_humidity_60_30mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "percent", "long_name": "Relative humidity", "standard_name": "relative_humidity", "short_name": "r", "comment": "The 60-30 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels." }, "relative_humidity_90_60mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "percent", "long_name": "Relative humidity", "standard_name": "relative_humidity", "short_name": "r", "comment": "The 90-60 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels." }, "relative_humidity_highest_tropospheric_freezing_level": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "percent", "long_name": "Relative humidity", "standard_name": "relative_humidity", "short_name": "r" }, "relative_humidity_with_respect_to_precipitable_water_atmosphere": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "percent", "long_name": "Relative humidity with respect to precipitable water", "short_name": "rhpw" }, "sensible_heat_flux_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "W m-2", "long_name": "Sensible heat flux", "standard_name": "surface_upward_sensible_heat_flux", "short_name": "shf", "comment": "Averaged over the preceding hour." }, "snow_area_fraction_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Snow cover", "standard_name": "surface_snow_area_fraction", "short_name": "snowc", "comment": "NaN over water." }, "snow_melt_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-2", "long_name": "Snowmelt", "standard_name": "surface_snow_melt_amount", "short_name": "snom", "comment": "Accumulated over the preceding hour." }, "snow_phase_change_heat_flux_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "W m-2", "long_name": "Snow phase change heat flux", "short_name": "snohf", "comment": "NaN over water. Averaged over the preceding hour." }, "snow_thickness_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Snow depth", "standard_name": "surface_snow_thickness", "short_name": "sde", "comment": "NaN over water." }, "snow_water_equivalent_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Snow depth water equivalent", "standard_name": "lwe_thickness_of_surface_snow_amount", "short_name": "sd", "comment": "NaN over water." }, "soil_porosity_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Soil porosity", "standard_name": "soil_porosity", "short_name": "poros", "comment": "NaN over water." }, "soil_type_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Soil type", "standard_name": "soil_type", "short_name": "slt", "comment": "STATSGO soil classes used by the RUC land surface model." }, "source_latitude_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "degree_north", "long_name": "Latitude (-90 to +90)", "standard_name": "latitude", "short_name": "nlat" }, "source_longitude_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "degree_east", "long_name": "East Longitude (0 - 360)", "standard_name": "longitude", "short_name": "elon" }, "specific_humidity_120_90mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Specific humidity", "standard_name": "specific_humidity", "short_name": "q", "comment": "The 120-90 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels." }, "specific_humidity_150_120mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Specific humidity", "standard_name": "specific_humidity", "short_name": "q", "comment": "The 150-120 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels." }, "specific_humidity_180_150mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Specific humidity", "standard_name": "specific_humidity", "short_name": "q", "comment": "The 180-150 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels." }, "specific_humidity_2m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Specific humidity", "standard_name": "specific_humidity", "short_name": "q" }, "specific_humidity_305m_above_mean_sea_level": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Specific humidity", "standard_name": "specific_humidity", "short_name": "q", "comment": "NaN where this height is below the terrain." }, "specific_humidity_30_0mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Specific humidity", "standard_name": "specific_humidity", "short_name": "q", "comment": "The 30-0 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels." }, "specific_humidity_60_30mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Specific humidity", "standard_name": "specific_humidity", "short_name": "q", "comment": "The 60-30 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels." }, "specific_humidity_80m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Specific humidity", "standard_name": "specific_humidity", "short_name": "q" }, "specific_humidity_90_60mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Specific humidity", "standard_name": "specific_humidity", "short_name": "q", "comment": "The 90-60 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels." }, "storm_relative_helicity_1000_0m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m2 s-2", "long_name": "Storm relative helicity", "short_name": "hlcy" }, "storm_relative_helicity_3000_0m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m2 s-2", "long_name": "Storm relative helicity", "short_name": "hlcy" }, "storm_surface_runoff_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-2", "long_name": "Storm surface runoff", "standard_name": "surface_runoff_amount", "short_name": "ssrun", "comment": "NaN over water. Accumulated over the preceding hour." }, "stream_function_250mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m2 s-1", "long_name": "Stream function", "standard_name": "atmosphere_horizontal_streamfunction", "short_name": "strf" }, "stream_function_500mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m2 s-1", "long_name": "Stream function", "standard_name": "atmosphere_horizontal_streamfunction", "short_name": "strf" }, "sublimation_evaporation_from_snow_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "W m-2", "long_name": "Sublimation (evaporation from snow)", "short_name": "sbsno" }, "surface_roughness_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Forecast surface roughness", "standard_name": "surface_roughness_length", "short_name": "fsr" }, "temperature_100m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "degree_Celsius", "long_name": "Temperature", "standard_name": "air_temperature", "short_name": "t" }, "temperature_120_90mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "degree_Celsius", "long_name": "Temperature", "standard_name": "air_temperature", "short_name": "t", "comment": "The 120-90 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels." }, "temperature_150_120mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "degree_Celsius", "long_name": "Temperature", "standard_name": "air_temperature", "short_name": "t", "comment": "The 150-120 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels." }, "temperature_160m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "degree_Celsius", "long_name": "Temperature", "standard_name": "air_temperature", "short_name": "t" }, "temperature_180_150mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "degree_Celsius", "long_name": "Temperature", "standard_name": "air_temperature", "short_name": "t", "comment": "The 180-150 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels." }, "temperature_2m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "degree_Celsius", "long_name": "2 metre temperature", "standard_name": "air_temperature", "short_name": "2t" }, "temperature_30_0mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "degree_Celsius", "long_name": "Temperature", "standard_name": "air_temperature", "short_name": "t", "comment": "The 30-0 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels." }, "temperature_30m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "degree_Celsius", "long_name": "Temperature", "standard_name": "air_temperature", "short_name": "t" }, "temperature_320m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "degree_Celsius", "long_name": "Temperature", "standard_name": "air_temperature", "short_name": "t" }, "temperature_50m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "degree_Celsius", "long_name": "Temperature", "standard_name": "air_temperature", "short_name": "t" }, "temperature_60_30mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "degree_Celsius", "long_name": "Temperature", "standard_name": "air_temperature", "short_name": "t", "comment": "The 60-30 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels." }, "temperature_80m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "degree_Celsius", "long_name": "80 metre temperature", "standard_name": "air_temperature", "short_name": "80t" }, "temperature_90_60mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "degree_Celsius", "long_name": "Temperature", "standard_name": "air_temperature", "short_name": "t", "comment": "The 90-60 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels." }, "temperature_cloud_top": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "degree_Celsius", "long_name": "Temperature", "standard_name": "air_temperature_at_cloud_top", "short_name": "t", "comment": "NaN where no cloud top was detected." }, "temperature_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "degree_Celsius", "long_name": "Skin temperature", "standard_name": "surface_temperature", "short_name": "skt" }, "temperature_tropopause": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "degree_Celsius", "long_name": "Temperature", "standard_name": "tropopause_air_temperature", "short_name": "t" }, "total_cloud_cover_atmosphere": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "percent", "long_name": "Total cloud cover", "standard_name": "cloud_area_fraction", "short_name": "tcc", "comment": "Averaged over the preceding hour." }, "total_cloud_cover_boundary_layer": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "percent", "long_name": "Boundary layer cloud cover", "standard_name": "cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer", "short_name": "tcc" }, "total_precipitation_run_total_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-2", "long_name": "Total precipitation", "standard_name": "precipitation_amount", "short_name": "tp", "comment": "Accumulated from the forecast initialization time to this step." }, "total_precipitation_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-2", "long_name": "Total precipitation", "standard_name": "precipitation_amount", "short_name": "tp", "comment": "Accumulated over the preceding hour." }, "total_snow_precipitation_run_total_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-2", "long_name": "Total snow precipitation", "standard_name": "snowfall_amount", "short_name": "tsnowp", "comment": "Accumulated from the forecast initialization time to this step." }, "total_snow_precipitation_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-2", "long_name": "Total snow precipitation", "standard_name": "snowfall_amount", "short_name": "tsnowp", "comment": "Accumulated over the preceding hour." }, "total_snowfall_run_total_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Total snowfall", "standard_name": "thickness_of_snowfall_amount", "short_name": "asnow", "comment": "Accumulated from the forecast initialization time to this step." }, "transpiration_stress_onset_soil_moisture_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Transpiration stress-onset (soil moisture)", "standard_name": "volume_fraction_of_condensed_water_in_soil_at_critical_point", "short_name": "smref", "comment": "NaN over water, including inland water bodies." }, "u_component_storm_motion_6000_0m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "U-component storm motion", "short_name": "ustm", "comment": "The Bunkers right-moving supercell motion. Velocity along the model grid's x dimension, not eastward velocity." }, "updraft_helicity_5000_2000m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m2 s-2", "long_name": "Updraft Helicity", "short_name": "uphl" }, "upward_long_wave_radiation_flux_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "W m-2", "long_name": "Surface upward long-wave radiation flux", "standard_name": "surface_upwelling_longwave_flux_in_air", "short_name": "sulwrf", "comment": "Averaged over the preceding hour." }, "upward_long_wave_radiation_flux_top_of_atmosphere": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "W m-2", "long_name": "Upward long-wave radiation flux", "standard_name": "toa_outgoing_longwave_flux", "short_name": "ulwrf", "comment": "Averaged over the preceding hour." }, "upward_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "W m-2", "long_name": "Surface upward short-wave radiation flux", "standard_name": "surface_upwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air", "short_name": "suswrf", "comment": "Averaged over the preceding hour." }, "upward_short_wave_radiation_flux_top_of_atmosphere": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "W m-2", "long_name": "Upward short-wave radiation flux", "standard_name": "toa_outgoing_shortwave_flux", "short_name": "uswrf", "comment": "Averaged over the preceding hour." }, "v_component_storm_motion_6000_0m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "V-component storm motion", "short_name": "vstm", "comment": "The Bunkers right-moving supercell motion. Velocity along the model grid's y dimension, not northward velocity." }, "vegetation_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "percent", "long_name": "Vegetation fraction", "standard_name": "vegetation_area_fraction", "short_name": "veg", "comment": "NaN over water." }, "vegetation_type_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Vegetation Type", "short_name": "vgtyp", "comment": "Modified IGBP vegetation classes used by the RUC land surface model." }, "velocity_grid_levels_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Number of velocity grid levels", "short_name": "lmv" }, "ventilation_rate_planetary_boundary_layer": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m2 s-1", "long_name": "Ventilation Rate", "short_name": "VRATE" }, "vertical_speed_shear_tropopause": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "s-1", "long_name": "Vertical speed shear", "standard_name": "wind_speed_shear", "short_name": "vwsh" }, "vertical_u_component_shear_0_6000m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "Vertical u-component shear", "short_name": "vucsh", "comment": "Velocity along the model grid's x dimension, not eastward velocity." }, "vertical_v_component_shear_0_6000m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "Vertical v-component shear", "short_name": "vvcsh", "comment": "Velocity along the model grid's y dimension, not northward velocity." }, "vertically_integrated_liquid_atmosphere": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-2", "long_name": "Vertically-integrated liquid", "short_name": "veril" }, "visibility_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Visibility", "standard_name": "visibility_in_air", "short_name": "vis" }, "visible_beam_downward_solar_flux_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "W m-2", "long_name": "Visible Beam Downward Solar Flux", "short_name": "vbdsf", "comment": "Downward direct-beam solar flux in the ultraviolet and visible bands at the surface." }, "visible_diffuse_downward_solar_flux_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "W m-2", "long_name": "Visible Diffuse Downward Solar Flux", "short_name": "vddsf", "comment": "Downward diffuse solar flux in the ultraviolet and visible bands at the surface." }, "water_temperature_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "degree_Celsius", "long_name": "Water temperature", "short_name": "wtmp", "comment": "NaN over land." }, "wildfire_potential_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Wildfire potential", "short_name": "wfirepot", "comment": "The forecast lead-zero value is an initial-time field with a zero-length averaging window. Averaged over the preceding hour." }, "wilting_point_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Wilting point", "standard_name": "volume_fraction_of_condensed_water_in_soil_at_wilting_point", "short_name": "wilt", "comment": "NaN over water, including inland water bodies." }, "wind_gust_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "Wind speed (gust)", "standard_name": "wind_speed_of_gust", "short_name": "gust" }, "wind_u_100m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "100 metre U wind component", "standard_name": "x_wind", "short_name": "100u", "comment": "Velocity along the model grid's x dimension, not eastward velocity." }, "wind_u_10m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "10 metre U wind component", "standard_name": "x_wind", "short_name": "10u", "comment": "Velocity along the model grid's x dimension, not eastward velocity." }, "wind_u_120_90mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "U component of wind", "standard_name": "x_wind", "short_name": "u", "comment": "The 120-90 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels. Velocity along the model grid's x dimension, not eastward velocity." }, "wind_u_150_120mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "U component of wind", "standard_name": "x_wind", "short_name": "u", "comment": "The 150-120 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels. Velocity along the model grid's x dimension, not eastward velocity." }, "wind_u_160m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "U component of wind", "standard_name": "x_wind", "short_name": "u", "comment": "Velocity along the model grid's x dimension, not eastward velocity." }, "wind_u_180_150mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "U component of wind", "standard_name": "x_wind", "short_name": "u", "comment": "The 180-150 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels. Velocity along the model grid's x dimension, not eastward velocity." }, "wind_u_30_0mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "U component of wind", "standard_name": "x_wind", "short_name": "u", "comment": "The 30-0 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels. Velocity along the model grid's x dimension, not eastward velocity." }, "wind_u_30m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "U component of wind", "standard_name": "x_wind", "short_name": "u", "comment": "Velocity along the model grid's x dimension, not eastward velocity." }, "wind_u_320m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "U component of wind", "standard_name": "x_wind", "short_name": "u", "comment": "Velocity along the model grid's x dimension, not eastward velocity." }, "wind_u_50m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "U component of wind", "standard_name": "x_wind", "short_name": "u", "comment": "Velocity along the model grid's x dimension, not eastward velocity." }, "wind_u_60_30mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "U component of wind", "standard_name": "x_wind", "short_name": "u", "comment": "The 60-30 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels. Velocity along the model grid's x dimension, not eastward velocity." }, "wind_u_80m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "80 metre U wind component", "standard_name": "x_wind", "short_name": "80u", "comment": "Velocity along the model grid's x dimension, not eastward velocity." }, "wind_u_90_60mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "U component of wind", "standard_name": "x_wind", "short_name": "u", "comment": "The 90-60 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels. Velocity along the model grid's x dimension, not eastward velocity." }, "wind_u_max_wind": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "U component of wind", "standard_name": "x_wind", "short_name": "u", "comment": "The source searches only 500 to 100 hPa for this level, so stronger wind can lie outside that layer. Velocity along the model grid's x dimension, not eastward velocity." }, "wind_u_planetary_boundary_layer": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "U component of wind", "standard_name": "x_wind", "short_name": "u", "comment": "The mean wind through the depth of the planetary boundary layer, not the wind at its top. Velocity along the model grid's x dimension, not eastward velocity." }, "wind_u_tropopause": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "U component of wind", "standard_name": "x_wind", "short_name": "u", "comment": "Velocity along the model grid's x dimension, not eastward velocity." }, "wind_v_100m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "100 metre V wind component", "standard_name": "y_wind", "short_name": "100v", "comment": "Velocity along the model grid's y dimension, not northward velocity." }, "wind_v_10m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "10 metre V wind component", "standard_name": "y_wind", "short_name": "10v", "comment": "Velocity along the model grid's y dimension, not northward velocity." }, "wind_v_120_90mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "V component of wind", "standard_name": "y_wind", "short_name": "v", "comment": "The 120-90 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels. Velocity along the model grid's y dimension, not northward velocity." }, "wind_v_150_120mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "V component of wind", "standard_name": "y_wind", "short_name": "v", "comment": "The 150-120 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels. Velocity along the model grid's y dimension, not northward velocity." }, "wind_v_160m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "V component of wind", "standard_name": "y_wind", "short_name": "v", "comment": "Velocity along the model grid's y dimension, not northward velocity." }, "wind_v_180_150mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "V component of wind", "standard_name": "y_wind", "short_name": "v", "comment": "The 180-150 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels. Velocity along the model grid's y dimension, not northward velocity." }, "wind_v_30_0mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "V component of wind", "standard_name": "y_wind", "short_name": "v", "comment": "The 30-0 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels. Velocity along the model grid's y dimension, not northward velocity." }, "wind_v_30m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "V component of wind", "standard_name": "y_wind", "short_name": "v", "comment": "Velocity along the model grid's y dimension, not northward velocity." }, "wind_v_320m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "V component of wind", "standard_name": "y_wind", "short_name": "v", "comment": "Velocity along the model grid's y dimension, not northward velocity." }, "wind_v_50m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "V component of wind", "standard_name": "y_wind", "short_name": "v", "comment": "Velocity along the model grid's y dimension, not northward velocity." }, "wind_v_60_30mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "V component of wind", "standard_name": "y_wind", "short_name": "v", "comment": "The 60-30 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels. Velocity along the model grid's y dimension, not northward velocity." }, "wind_v_80m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "80 metre V wind component", "standard_name": "y_wind", "short_name": "80v", "comment": "Velocity along the model grid's y dimension, not northward velocity." }, "wind_v_90_60mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "V component of wind", "standard_name": "y_wind", "short_name": "v", "comment": "The 90-60 mb in the name are pressure differences from the surface, not isobaric levels. Velocity along the model grid's y dimension, not northward velocity." }, "wind_v_max_wind": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "V component of wind", "standard_name": "y_wind", "short_name": "v", "comment": "The source searches only 500 to 100 hPa for this level, so stronger wind can lie outside that layer. Velocity along the model grid's y dimension, not northward velocity." }, "wind_v_planetary_boundary_layer": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "V component of wind", "standard_name": "y_wind", "short_name": "v", "comment": "The mean wind through the depth of the planetary boundary layer, not the wind at its top. Velocity along the model grid's y dimension, not northward velocity." }, "wind_v_tropopause": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "V component of wind", "standard_name": "y_wind", "short_name": "v", "comment": "Velocity along the model grid's y dimension, not northward velocity." }, "depth_below_ground/liquid_volumetric_soil_moisture": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x", "depth_below_ground" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799, 1 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Liquid volumetric soil moisture (non-frozen)", "short_name": "soill", "comment": "NaN over water." }, "depth_below_ground/soil_temperature": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x", "depth_below_ground" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799, 1 ], "unit": "degree_Celsius", "long_name": "Soil temperature", "standard_name": "soil_temperature", "short_name": "sot", "comment": "NaN over water." }, "depth_below_ground/volumetric_soil_moisture": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x", "depth_below_ground" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799, 1 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Volumetric soil moisture content", "standard_name": "volume_fraction_of_condensed_water_in_soil", "short_name": "soilw", "comment": "NaN over water." }, "height_above_mean_sea_level/temperature": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x", "height_above_mean_sea_level" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799, 1 ], "unit": "degree_Celsius", "long_name": "Temperature", "standard_name": "air_temperature", "short_name": "t", "comment": "NaN where this height is below the terrain." }, "height_above_mean_sea_level/wind_u": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x", "height_above_mean_sea_level" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799, 1 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "U component of wind", "standard_name": "x_wind", "short_name": "u", "comment": "NaN where this height is below the terrain. Velocity along the model grid's x dimension, not eastward velocity." }, "height_above_mean_sea_level/wind_v": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x", "height_above_mean_sea_level" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799, 1 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "V component of wind", "standard_name": "y_wind", "short_name": "v", "comment": "NaN where this height is below the terrain. 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"dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x", "pressure_level" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799, 1 ], "unit": "degree_Celsius", "long_name": "Dew point temperature", "standard_name": "dew_point_temperature", "short_name": "dpt" }, "pressure_level/geopotential_height": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x", "pressure_level" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799, 1 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Geopotential height", "standard_name": "geopotential_height", "short_name": "gh" }, "pressure_level/graupel": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x", "pressure_level" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799, 1 ], "unit": "kg kg-1", "long_name": "Graupel (snow pellets)", "short_name": "grle" }, "pressure_level/rain_mixing_ratio": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x", "pressure_level" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799, 1 ], "unit": "kg kg-1", "long_name": "Rain mixing ratio", "short_name": "rwmr" }, 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"standard_name": "air_temperature", "short_name": "t" }, "pressure_level/vertical_velocity_geometric": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x", "pressure_level" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799, 1 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "Vertical velocity (geometric)", "standard_name": "upward_air_velocity", "short_name": "dzdt" }, "pressure_level/wind_u": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x", "pressure_level" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799, 1 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "U component of wind", "standard_name": "x_wind", "short_name": "u", "comment": "Velocity along the model grid's x dimension, not eastward velocity." }, "pressure_level/wind_v": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x", "pressure_level" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799, 1 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "V component of wind", "standard_name": "y_wind", "short_name": "v", "comment": "Velocity along the model grid's y dimension, not 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