{ "type": "Collection", "id": "noaa-hrrr-forecast-48-hour-virtual", "stac_version": "1.1.0", "description": "Weather forecasts from the High-Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR) model operated by NOAA NWS NCEP.", "links": [ { "rel": "root", "href": "https://stac.dynamical.org/catalog.json", "type": "application/json", "title": "dynamical.org STAC Catalog" }, { "rel": "license", "href": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "type": "text/html", "title": "CC-BY-4.0" }, { "rel": "about", "href": "https://dynamical.org/catalog/noaa-hrrr-forecast-48-hour-virtual/", "type": "text/html", "title": "Dataset documentation" }, { "rel": "example", "href": "https://github.com/dynamical-org/notebooks/blob/main/noaa-hrrr-forecast-48-hour-virtual.ipynb", "type": "application/x-ipynb+json", "title": "Quickstart (GitHub)" }, { "rel": "example", "href": "https://colab.research.google.com/github/dynamical-org/notebooks/blob/main/noaa-hrrr-forecast-48-hour-virtual.ipynb", "type": "text/html", "title": "Quickstart (Colab)" }, { "rel": "self", "href": "https://stac.dynamical.org/noaa-hrrr-forecast-48-hour-virtual/collection.json", "type": "application/json", "title": "NOAA HRRR forecast, 48 hour, virtual" }, { "rel": "parent", "href": "https://stac.dynamical.org/catalog.json", "type": "application/json", "title": "dynamical.org STAC Catalog" } ], "stac_extensions": [ "https://stac-extensions.github.io/xarray-assets/v1.0.0/schema.json", "https://stac-extensions.github.io/datacube/v2.2.0/schema.json" ], "attribution": "NOAA NWS NCEP HRRR data processed by dynamical.org from NOAA Open Data Dissemination archives.", "version": "0.5.0", "model_id": "noaa-hrrr", "model_name": "NOAA HRRR", "description_summary": "This dataset is an archive of past and present HRRR forecasts, optimized for spatial (map) access patterns. Forecasts are identified by an initialization time (`init_time`) denoting the start time of the model run, and step forward hourly along the `lead_time` dimension out to 48 hours. This dataset contains only the 00, 06, 12, and 18 hour UTC initialization times which produce the full length, 48 hour forecast.\n\nThis dataset uses the native HRRR Lambert Conformal Conic projection, with spatial indexing along the `x` and `y` dimensions. The example notebook shows how to use the embedded spatial reference to select geographic areas of interest.\n\nNote: `dynamical-catalog>=0.7.0` (or `zarr>=3.2 icechunk>=2.0 gribberish>=1.5`) is required.", "description_details": "### Source\n\nThe source grib files this archive is constructed from are provided by [NOAA Open Data Dissemination (NODD)](https://www.noaa.gov/information-technology/open-data-dissemination) and accessed from the [AWS Open Data Registry](https://registry.opendata.aws/noaa-hrrr-pds/). Operational data is additionally accessed from [NOAA NOMADS](https://nomads.ncep.noaa.gov/).\n\n### Data availability\n\nThe archive spans init times from 2018-07-13T12 UTC to the present. A number of\nfields change behavior at the HRRR version 3 \u2192 version 4 upgrade on 2020-12-02,\nand some variables are incomplete before that date.\n\nSee the [validation report](/catalog/noaa-hrrr-forecast-48-hour-virtual/validation/)\nfor complete details.\n\n### Storage\n\nStorage for this dataset is generously provided by [AWS Open Data](https://aws.amazon.com/opendata/).\n\n### Chunks\n\nThis dataset is stored in [Zarr](https://zarr.dev/) format, which splits each variable into a grid of **chunks** \u2014 the smallest unit read from storage. When possible, aligning your reads with this dataset's chunk grid can significantly improve data access speed.\n\nThe element count and coordinate span of this dataset:\n\n| dimension | chunk |\n|---|---|\n| init_time | 1 (6 hours) |\n| lead_time | 1 (1 hour) |\n| y | 1059 (3177 km) |\n| x | 1799 (5397 km) |\n| **uncompressed** | 14.5 MiB |", "description_model": "The High-Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR) is a NOAA real-time 3-km resolution, hourly updated, cloud-resolving, convection-allowing atmospheric model, initialized by 3km grids with 3km radar assimilation. Radar data is assimilated in the HRRR every 15 min over a 1-h period adding further detail to that provided by the hourly data assimilation from the 13km radar-enhanced Rapid Refresh.", "examples": [ { "title": "A temperature map at one forecast step", "code": "import dynamical_catalog # dynamical-catalog>=0.7.0\n\nds = dynamical_catalog.open(\"noaa-hrrr-forecast-48-hour-virtual\")\nds[\"temperature_2m\"].sel(init_time=\"2025-01-01T00\", lead_time=\"24h\").compute()\n\n# Variables with a vertical dimension live in the pressure_level and model_level groups\nds_pressure = dynamical_catalog.open(\"noaa-hrrr-forecast-48-hour-virtual\", group=\"pressure_level\")\nds_model = dynamical_catalog.open(\"noaa-hrrr-forecast-48-hour-virtual\", group=\"model_level\")\n\nds_pressure[\"temperature\"].sel(pressure_level=500)", "language": "python" } ], "cube:dimensions": { "init_time": { "type": "temporal", "extent": [ "2018-07-13T12:00:00Z", null ], "unit": "seconds since 1970-01-01" }, "lead_time": { "type": "other", "extent": [ 0, 172800 ], "unit": "seconds", "size": 49 }, "x": { "type": "spatial", "extent": [ -2697520.142521929, 2696479.857478071 ], "axis": "x", "unit": "m", "size": 1799 }, "y": { "type": "spatial", "extent": [ -1587306.152556665, 1586693.847443335 ], "axis": "y", "unit": "m", "size": 1059 }, "model_level": { "type": "other", "extent": [ 1, 50 ], "unit": "1", "size": 50 }, "pressure_level": { "type": "other", "extent": [ 50, 1000 ], "unit": "hPa", "size": 39 } }, "cube:variables": { "aerosol_optical_thickness_atmosphere": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Aerosol optical thickness", "standard_name": "atmosphere_optical_thickness_due_to_ambient_aerosol_particles", "short_name": "aotk" }, "baseflow_groundwater_runoff_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-2", "long_name": "Baseflow-groundwater runoff", "standard_name": "subsurface_runoff_amount", "short_name": "bgrun" }, "best_4_layer_lifted_index_180_0mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "K", "long_name": "Best (4-layer) lifted index", "standard_name": "temperature_difference_between_ambient_air_and_air_lifted_adiabatically", "short_name": "4lftx" }, "brightness_temperature_channel_113": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "K", "long_name": "Simulated brightness temperature (channel 113)", "standard_name": "toa_brightness_temperature", "short_name": "sbt113" }, "brightness_temperature_channel_114": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "K", "long_name": "Simulated brightness temperature (channel 114)", "standard_name": "toa_brightness_temperature", "short_name": "sbt114" }, "brightness_temperature_channel_123": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "K", "long_name": "Simulated brightness temperature (channel 123)", "standard_name": "toa_brightness_temperature", "short_name": "sbt123" }, "brightness_temperature_channel_124": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "K", "long_name": "Simulated brightness temperature (channel 124)", "standard_name": "toa_brightness_temperature", "short_name": "sbt124" }, "categorical_freezing_rain_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Categorical freezing rain", "short_name": "cfrzr", "comment": "0=no; 1=yes" }, "categorical_ice_pellets_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Categorical ice pellets", "short_name": "cicep", "comment": "0=no; 1=yes" }, "categorical_rain_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Categorical rain", "short_name": "crain", "comment": "0=no; 1=yes" }, "categorical_snow_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Categorical snow", "short_name": "csnow", "comment": "0=no; 1=yes" }, "column_integrated_mass_density_atmosphere": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-2", "long_name": "Column-integrated mass density", "short_name": "colmd" }, "composite_reflectivity": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "dBZ", "long_name": "Maximum/Composite radar reflectivity", "standard_name": "equivalent_reflectivity_factor", "short_name": "refc" }, "convective_available_potential_energy_0_3000m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "J kg-1", "long_name": "Convective available potential energy", "standard_name": "atmosphere_convective_available_potential_energy", "short_name": "cape" }, "convective_available_potential_energy_180_0mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "J kg-1", "long_name": "Convective available potential energy", "standard_name": "atmosphere_convective_available_potential_energy", "short_name": "cape" }, "convective_available_potential_energy_255_0mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "J kg-1", "long_name": "Convective available potential energy", "standard_name": "atmosphere_convective_available_potential_energy", "short_name": "cape" }, "convective_available_potential_energy_90_0mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "J kg-1", "long_name": "Convective available potential energy", "standard_name": "atmosphere_convective_available_potential_energy", "short_name": "cape" }, "convective_available_potential_energy_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "J kg-1", "long_name": "Convective available potential energy", "standard_name": "atmosphere_convective_available_potential_energy", "short_name": "cape" }, "convective_inhibition_180_0mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "J kg-1", "long_name": "Convective inhibition", "standard_name": "atmosphere_convective_inhibition", "short_name": "cin" }, "convective_inhibition_255_0mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "J kg-1", "long_name": "Convective inhibition", "standard_name": "atmosphere_convective_inhibition", "short_name": "cin" }, "convective_inhibition_90_0mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "J kg-1", "long_name": "Convective inhibition", "standard_name": "atmosphere_convective_inhibition", "short_name": "cin" }, "convective_inhibition_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "J kg-1", "long_name": "Convective inhibition", "standard_name": "atmosphere_convective_inhibition", "short_name": "cin" }, "critical_angle_0_500m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "degree", "long_name": "Critical angle", "short_name": "cangle" }, "derived_radar_reflectivity_1000m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "dBZ", "long_name": "Derived radar reflectivity", "standard_name": "equivalent_reflectivity_factor", "short_name": "refd" }, "derived_radar_reflectivity_263k": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "dBZ", "long_name": "Derived radar reflectivity", "standard_name": "equivalent_reflectivity_factor", "short_name": "refd" }, "derived_radar_reflectivity_4000m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "dBZ", "long_name": "Derived radar reflectivity", "standard_name": "equivalent_reflectivity_factor", "short_name": "refd" }, "dew_point_temperature_2m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "degree_Celsius", "long_name": "2 metre dewpoint temperature", "standard_name": "dew_point_temperature", "short_name": "2d" }, "downward_long_wave_radiation_flux_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "W m-2", "long_name": "Surface downward long-wave radiation flux", "standard_name": "surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air", "short_name": "sdlwrf" }, "downward_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "W m-2", "long_name": "Surface downward short-wave radiation flux", "standard_name": "surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air", "short_name": "sdswrf" }, "echo_top": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Echo top", "short_name": "retop", "comment": "-999 encodes no echo; CF-aware readers mask it to NaN." }, "effective_layer_helicity_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m2 s-2", "long_name": "Effective layer helicity", "short_name": "efhl" }, "enhanced_stretching_potential_0_3000m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Enhanced stretching potential", "short_name": "esp" }, "freezing_rain_run_total_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-2", "long_name": "Freezing Rain", "short_name": "frzr" }, "friction_velocity_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "Friction velocity", "standard_name": "magnitude_of_surface_friction_velocity_in_air", "short_name": "zust" }, "frozen_precipitation_run_total_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-2", "long_name": "Frozen precipitation", "short_name": "frozr" }, "frozen_precipitation_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-2", "long_name": "Frozen precipitation", "short_name": "frozr" }, "geopotential_height_0c_isotherm": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Geopotential height", "standard_name": "geopotential_height", "short_name": "gh" }, "geopotential_height_253k": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Geopotential height", "standard_name": "geopotential_height", "short_name": "gh" }, "geopotential_height_263k": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Geopotential height", "standard_name": "geopotential_height", "short_name": "gh" }, "geopotential_height_adiabatic_condensation_level": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Geopotential height", "standard_name": "geopotential_height", "short_name": "gh" }, "geopotential_height_cloud_base": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Geopotential height", "standard_name": "geopotential_height", "short_name": "gh" }, "geopotential_height_cloud_ceiling": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Geopotential height", "standard_name": "geopotential_height", "short_name": "gh" }, "geopotential_height_cloud_top": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Geopotential height", "standard_name": "geopotential_height_at_cloud_top", "short_name": "gh" }, "geopotential_height_equilibrium_level": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Geopotential height", "standard_name": "geopotential_height", "short_name": "gh" }, "geopotential_height_highest_tropospheric_freezing_level": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Geopotential height", "standard_name": "geopotential_height", "short_name": "gh" }, "geopotential_height_level_of_free_convection": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Geopotential height", "standard_name": "geopotential_height", "short_name": "gh" }, "geopotential_height_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Geopotential height", "standard_name": "geopotential_height", "short_name": "gh" }, "ground_heat_flux_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "W m-2", "long_name": "Ground heat flux", "standard_name": "downward_heat_flux_in_soil", "short_name": "gflux" }, "high_cloud_cover": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "percent", "long_name": "High cloud cover", "standard_name": "cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer", "short_name": "hcc" }, "hourly_maximum_radar_reflectivity_1000m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "dBZ", "long_name": "Hourly maximum of simulated reflectivity", "standard_name": "equivalent_reflectivity_factor", "short_name": "maxref" }, "ice_cover_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Ice cover (1=ice, 0=no ice)", "standard_name": "sea_ice_area_fraction", "short_name": "icec" }, "land_sea_mask_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Land-sea mask", "standard_name": "land_binary_mask", "short_name": "lsm" }, "latent_heat_flux_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "W m-2", "long_name": "Latent heat flux", "standard_name": "surface_upward_latent_heat_flux", "short_name": "lhf" }, "layer_thickness_261k_256k": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Layer Thickness", "short_name": "layth" }, "leaf_area_index_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Leaf Area Index", "standard_name": "leaf_area_index", "short_name": "lai" }, "lightning_atmosphere": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Lightning", "short_name": "ltng" }, "lightning_threat_1m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Maximum lightning threat 1 (graupel flux)", "short_name": "ltngsd", "comment": "GSD maximum lightning threat 1 derived from upward graupel flux, in flashes km-2 (5 min)-1. Encoded in HRRR GRIB as LTNGSD (lightning strike density) at the pseudo-level 1 m above ground. Before the 2022-06-28T12Z cycle this GRIB slot carried lightning potential index (J kg-1), a different quantity that is not included." }, "lightning_threat_2m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Maximum lightning threat 2 (vertically integrated ice)", "short_name": "ltngsd", "comment": "GSD maximum lightning threat 2 derived from vertically integrated ice, in flashes km-2 (5 min)-1. Encoded in HRRR GRIB as LTNGSD (lightning strike density) at the pseudo-level 2 m above ground. Before the 2022-06-28T12Z cycle this GRIB slot carried lightning potential index (J kg-1), a different quantity that is not included." }, "low_cloud_cover": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "percent", "long_name": "Low cloud cover", "standard_name": "cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer", "short_name": "lcc" }, "mass_density_8m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-3", "long_name": "Mass density", "short_name": "mdens", "comment": "Near-surface smoke concentration. Source values at init_times before 2021-12-21T18Z are in ug m-3; NOAA corrected the encoding to kg m-3 from that cycle onward, so multiply earlier values by 1e-9 to compare." }, "maximum_column_integrated_graupel_atmosphere": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-2", "long_name": "Total column vertically-integrated graupel (snow pellets)", "standard_name": "atmosphere_mass_content_of_graupel", "short_name": "tcolg" }, "maximum_derived_radar_reflectivity_263k": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "dBZ", "long_name": "Derived radar reflectivity", "standard_name": "equivalent_reflectivity_factor", "short_name": "refd" }, "maximum_downward_vertical_velocity_100_1000mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "Maximum downward vertical velocity", "short_name": "maxdvv" }, "maximum_hail_diameter_0p1sigma": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Hail", "short_name": "hail" }, "maximum_hail_diameter_atmosphere": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Hail", "short_name": "hail" }, "maximum_hail_diameter_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Hail", "short_name": "hail" }, "maximum_relative_vorticity_1000_0m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "s-1", "long_name": "Vorticity (relative)", "standard_name": "atmosphere_upward_relative_vorticity", "short_name": "vo" }, "maximum_relative_vorticity_2000_0m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "s-1", "long_name": "Vorticity (relative)", "standard_name": "atmosphere_upward_relative_vorticity", "short_name": "vo" }, "maximum_updraft_helicity_2000_0m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m2 s-2", "long_name": "Updraft Helicity", "short_name": "uphl" }, "maximum_updraft_helicity_3000_0m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m2 s-2", "long_name": "Updraft Helicity", "short_name": "uphl" }, "maximum_updraft_helicity_5000_2000m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m2 s-2", "long_name": "Updraft Helicity", "short_name": "uphl" }, "maximum_upward_vertical_velocity_100_1000mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "Maximum upward vertical velocity", "standard_name": "upward_air_velocity", "short_name": "maxuvv" }, "maximum_vegetation_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "percent", "long_name": "Maximum vegetation fraction", "standard_name": "vegetation_area_fraction", "short_name": "vegmax" }, "maximum_wind_speed_10m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "10 metre wind speed", "standard_name": "wind_speed", "short_name": "10si" }, "maximum_wind_u_component_10m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "Maximum 10 metre wind speed u component", "short_name": "maxuw" }, "maximum_wind_v_component_10m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "Maximum 10 metre wind speed v component", "short_name": "maxvw" }, "medium_cloud_cover": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "percent", "long_name": "Medium cloud cover", "standard_name": "cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer", "short_name": "mcc" }, "minimum_updraft_helicity_2000_0m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m2 s-2", "long_name": "Minimum updraft helicity", "short_name": "mnuphl" }, "minimum_updraft_helicity_3000_0m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m2 s-2", "long_name": "Minimum updraft helicity", "short_name": "mnuphl" }, "minimum_updraft_helicity_5000_2000m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m2 s-2", "long_name": "Minimum updraft helicity", "short_name": "mnuphl" }, "minimum_vegetation_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "percent", "long_name": "Minimum vegetation fraction", "standard_name": "vegetation_area_fraction", "short_name": "vegmin" }, "moisture_availability_0m_underground": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "percent", "long_name": "Moisture availability", "short_name": "mstav" }, "percent_frozen_precipitation_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "percent", "long_name": "Percent frozen precipitation", "short_name": "cpofp", "comment": "-50 encodes no/undefined frozen precipitation; CF-aware readers mask it to NaN." }, "planetary_boundary_layer_height_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Boundary layer height", "standard_name": "atmosphere_boundary_layer_thickness", "short_name": "blh" }, "plant_canopy_surface_water_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-2", "long_name": "Plant canopy surface water", "standard_name": "canopy_water_amount", "short_name": "cnwat" }, "potential_temperature_2m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "K", "long_name": "Potential temperature", "standard_name": "air_potential_temperature", "short_name": "pt" }, "precipitable_water_atmosphere": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-2", "long_name": "Precipitable water", "standard_name": "atmosphere_mass_content_of_water_vapor", "short_name": "pwat" }, "precipitation_rate_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-2 s-1", "long_name": "Precipitation rate", "standard_name": "precipitation_flux", "short_name": "prate" }, "pressure_0c_isotherm": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "Pa", "long_name": "Pressure", "standard_name": "air_pressure", "short_name": "pres" }, "pressure_cloud_base": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "Pa", "long_name": "Pressure", "standard_name": "air_pressure_at_cloud_base", "short_name": "pres" }, "pressure_cloud_top": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "Pa", "long_name": "Pressure", "standard_name": "air_pressure_at_cloud_top", "short_name": "pres" }, "pressure_highest_tropospheric_freezing_level": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "Pa", "long_name": "Pressure", "standard_name": "air_pressure", "short_name": "pres" }, "pressure_of_lifted_parcel_level_255_0mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "Pa", "long_name": "Pressure of level from which parcel was lifted", "standard_name": "original_air_pressure_of_lifted_parcel", "short_name": "plpl" }, "pressure_reduced_to_mean_sea_level": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "Pa", "long_name": "Pressure reduced to MSL", "standard_name": "air_pressure_at_mean_sea_level", "short_name": "prmsl" }, "pressure_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "Pa", "long_name": "Surface pressure", "standard_name": "surface_air_pressure", "short_name": "sp" }, "relative_humidity_0c_isotherm": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "percent", "long_name": "Relative humidity", "standard_name": "relative_humidity", "short_name": "r" }, "relative_humidity_2m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "percent", "long_name": "2 metre relative humidity", "standard_name": "relative_humidity", "short_name": "2r" }, "relative_humidity_highest_tropospheric_freezing_level": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "percent", "long_name": "Relative humidity", "standard_name": "relative_humidity", "short_name": "r" }, "relative_humidity_with_respect_to_precipitable_water_atmosphere": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "percent", "long_name": "Relative humidity with respect to precipitable water", "short_name": "rhpw" }, "sensible_heat_flux_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "W m-2", "long_name": "Sensible heat flux", "standard_name": "surface_upward_sensible_heat_flux", "short_name": "shf" }, "snow_area_fraction_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Snow cover", "standard_name": "surface_snow_area_fraction", "short_name": "snowc" }, "snow_thickness_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Snow depth", "standard_name": "surface_snow_thickness", "short_name": "sde" }, "snow_water_equivalent_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Snow depth water equivalent", "standard_name": "lwe_thickness_of_surface_snow_amount", "short_name": "sd" }, "snowfall_water_equivalent_run_total_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-2", "long_name": "Snowfall water equivalent", "standard_name": "snowfall_amount", "short_name": "sf" }, "snowfall_water_equivalent_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-2", "long_name": "Snowfall water equivalent", "standard_name": "snowfall_amount", "short_name": "sf" }, "specific_humidity_2m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Specific humidity", "standard_name": "specific_humidity", "short_name": "q" }, "storm_relative_helicity_1000_0m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m2 s-2", "long_name": "Storm relative helicity", "short_name": "hlcy" }, "storm_relative_helicity_3000_0m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m2 s-2", "long_name": "Storm relative helicity", "short_name": "hlcy" }, "storm_surface_runoff_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-2", "long_name": "Storm surface runoff", "standard_name": "surface_runoff_amount", "short_name": "ssrun" }, "surface_lifted_index_500_1000mb": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "K", "long_name": "Surface lifted index", "standard_name": "temperature_difference_between_ambient_air_and_air_lifted_adiabatically_from_the_surface", "short_name": "lftx" }, "surface_roughness_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Forecast surface roughness", "standard_name": "surface_roughness_length", "short_name": "fsr" }, "temperature_2m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "degree_Celsius", "long_name": "2 metre temperature", "standard_name": "air_temperature", "short_name": "2t" }, "temperature_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "degree_Celsius", "long_name": "Temperature", "standard_name": "air_temperature", "short_name": "t" }, "total_cloud_cover_atmosphere": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "percent", "long_name": "Total cloud cover", "standard_name": "cloud_area_fraction", "short_name": "tcc" }, "total_cloud_cover_boundary_layer": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "percent", "long_name": "Total cloud cover", "standard_name": "cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer", "short_name": "tcc" }, "total_column_cloud_ice_atmosphere": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-2", "long_name": "Total column-integrated cloud ice", "standard_name": "atmosphere_mass_content_of_cloud_ice", "short_name": "tcoli" }, "total_column_cloud_water_atmosphere": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-2", "long_name": "Total column-integrated cloud water", "standard_name": "atmosphere_mass_content_of_cloud_liquid_water", "short_name": "tcolw" }, "total_precipitation_run_total_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-2", "long_name": "Total precipitation", "standard_name": "precipitation_amount", "short_name": "tp" }, "total_precipitation_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-2", "long_name": "Total precipitation", "standard_name": "precipitation_amount", "short_name": "tp" }, "total_snowfall_run_total_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Total snowfall", "standard_name": "thickness_of_snowfall_amount", "short_name": "asnow" }, "u_component_storm_motion_0_6000m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "U-component storm motion", "short_name": "ustm" }, "upward_long_wave_radiation_flux_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "W m-2", "long_name": "Surface upward long-wave radiation flux", "standard_name": "surface_upwelling_longwave_flux_in_air", "short_name": "sulwrf" }, "upward_long_wave_radiation_flux_top_of_atmosphere": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "W m-2", "long_name": "Upward long-wave radiation flux", "standard_name": "toa_outgoing_longwave_flux", "short_name": "ulwrf" }, "upward_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "W m-2", "long_name": "Surface upward short-wave radiation flux", "standard_name": "surface_upwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air", "short_name": "suswrf" }, "upward_short_wave_radiation_flux_top_of_atmosphere": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "W m-2", "long_name": "Upward short-wave radiation flux", "standard_name": "toa_outgoing_shortwave_flux", "short_name": "uswrf" }, "v_component_storm_motion_0_6000m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "V-component storm motion", "short_name": "vstm" }, "vegetation_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "percent", "long_name": "Vegetation fraction", "standard_name": "vegetation_area_fraction", "short_name": "veg" }, "vegetation_type_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "1", "long_name": "Vegetation Type", "short_name": "vgtyp", "comment": "MODIS-IGBP 20-category land-use classification (WRF MODIFIED_IGBP_MODIS_NOAH), as used by the HRRR land surface model." }, "vertical_u_component_shear_0_1000m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "s-1", "long_name": "Vertical u-component shear", "short_name": "vucsh" }, "vertical_u_component_shear_0_6000m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "s-1", "long_name": "Vertical u-component shear", "short_name": "vucsh" }, "vertical_v_component_shear_0_1000m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "s-1", "long_name": "Vertical v-component shear", "short_name": "vvcsh" }, "vertical_v_component_shear_0_6000m": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "s-1", "long_name": "Vertical v-component shear", "short_name": "vvcsh" }, "vertical_velocity_geometric_0p5_0p8_sigma": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "Vertical velocity (geometric)", "standard_name": "upward_air_velocity", "short_name": "dzdt" }, "vertically_integrated_liquid_atmosphere": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "kg m-2", "long_name": "Vertically-integrated liquid", "short_name": "veril" }, "visibility_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m", "long_name": "Visibility", "standard_name": "visibility_in_air", "short_name": "vis" }, "visible_beam_downward_solar_flux_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "W m-2", "long_name": "Visible Beam Downward Solar Flux", "short_name": "vbdsf" }, "visible_diffuse_downward_solar_flux_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "W m-2", "long_name": "Visible Diffuse Downward Solar Flux", "short_name": "vddsf" }, "wind_gust_surface": { "dimensions": [ "init_time", "lead_time", "y", "x" ], "type": "data", "chunks": [ 1, 1, 1059, 1799 ], "unit": "m s-1", "long_name": "Wind speed 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