{
  "type": "Collection",
  "id": "noaa-gefs-forecast-35-day",
  "stac_version": "1.1.0",
  "description": "Weather forecasts from the Global Ensemble Forecast System (GEFS) operated by NOAA NWS NCEP.",
  "links": [
    {
      "rel": "root",
      "href": "https://stac.dynamical.org/catalog.json",
      "type": "application/json",
      "title": "dynamical.org STAC Catalog"
    },
    {
      "rel": "license",
      "href": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
      "type": "text/html",
      "title": "CC-BY-4.0"
    },
    {
      "rel": "about",
      "href": "https://dynamical.org/catalog/noaa-gefs-forecast-35-day/",
      "type": "text/html",
      "title": "Dataset documentation"
    },
    {
      "rel": "example",
      "href": "https://github.com/dynamical-org/notebooks/blob/main/noaa-gefs-forecast-35-day.ipynb",
      "type": "application/x-ipynb+json",
      "title": "Quickstart (GitHub)"
    },
    {
      "rel": "example",
      "href": "https://colab.research.google.com/github/dynamical-org/notebooks/blob/main/noaa-gefs-forecast-35-day.ipynb",
      "type": "text/html",
      "title": "Quickstart (Colab)"
    },
    {
      "rel": "self",
      "href": "https://stac.dynamical.org/noaa-gefs-forecast-35-day/collection.json",
      "type": "application/json",
      "title": "NOAA GEFS forecast, 35 day"
    },
    {
      "rel": "parent",
      "href": "https://stac.dynamical.org/catalog.json",
      "type": "application/json",
      "title": "dynamical.org STAC Catalog"
    }
  ],
  "stac_extensions": [
    "https://stac-extensions.github.io/xarray-assets/v1.0.0/schema.json",
    "https://stac-extensions.github.io/datacube/v2.2.0/schema.json"
  ],
  "attribution": "NOAA NWS NCEP GEFS data processed by dynamical.org from NOAA Open Data Dissemination archives.",
  "version": "0.2.0",
  "model_id": "noaa-gefs",
  "model_name": "NOAA GEFS",
  "description_summary": "This dataset is an archive of past and present GEFS forecasts. Forecasts are identified by an initialization time (`init_time`) denoting the start time of the model run as well as by the `ensemble_member`. Each forecast has a 3 hourly forecast step along the `lead_time` dimension. This dataset contains only the 00 hour UTC initialization times which produce the full length, 35 day forecast.",
  "description_details": "### Interpolation\n\nSource data is available at both 0.25-degree and 0.5-degree resolutions. All variables except the 100m wind components are derived from a 0.25-degree grid for the first 240 hours of each forecast and from a 0.5-degree grid for the remainder. 100m wind components are derived from a 0.5-degree grid for all lead times. Bilinear interpolation is used to convert 0.5-degree data to a 0.25-degree grid. The original 0.5-degree values can be retrieved by selecting every other pixel starting from offset 0 in both the latitude and longitude dimensions (e.g. `array[::2, ::2]`).\n\n### Source\n\nThe source grib files this archive is constructed from are provided by\n[NOAA Open Data Dissemination (NODD)](https://www.noaa.gov/information-technology/open-data-dissemination)\nand accessed from the [AWS Open Data Registry](https://registry.opendata.aws/noaa-gefs/).\nOperational data is additionally accessed from [NOAA NOMADS](https://nomads.ncep.noaa.gov/).\n\n### Storage\n\nStorage for this dataset is generously provided by [Source Cooperative](https://source.coop/), a [Radiant Earth](https://radiant.earth/) initiative. Icechunk storage generously provided by [AWS Open Data](https://aws.amazon.com/opendata/).\n\n### Compression\n\nThe data values in this dataset have been rounded in their binary floating point representation to improve compression. See [Kl\u00f6wer et al. 2021](https://www.nature.com/articles/s43588-021-00156-2) for more information on this approach. The exact number of rounded bits can be found in our [reformatting code](https://github.com/dynamical-org/reformatters/blob/main/src/reformatters/noaa/gefs/common_gefs_template_config.py).",
  "description_model": "The Global Ensemble Forecast System (GEFS) is a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) weather forecast model. GEFS creates 31 separate forecasts (ensemble members) to describe the range of forecast uncertainty.",
  "examples": [
    {
      "title": "Maximum temperature in ensemble forecast",
      "code": "import dynamical_catalog  # dynamical-catalog>=0.5.0\n\nds = dynamical_catalog.open(\"noaa-gefs-forecast-35-day\")\nds[\"temperature_2m\"].sel(init_time=\"2025-01-01T00\", latitude=0, longitude=0).max().compute()",
      "language": "python"
    }
  ],
  "cube:dimensions": {
    "ensemble_member": {
      "type": "other",
      "extent": [
        null,
        null
      ],
      "unit": "1",
      "size": 31
    },
    "init_time": {
      "type": "temporal",
      "extent": [
        "2020-10-01T00:00:00Z",
        null
      ],
      "unit": "seconds since 1970-01-01"
    },
    "latitude": {
      "type": "spatial",
      "extent": [
        -90.0,
        90.0
      ],
      "axis": "y",
      "unit": "degree_north",
      "size": 721
    },
    "lead_time": {
      "type": "other",
      "extent": [
        0,
        3024000
      ],
      "unit": "seconds",
      "size": 181
    },
    "longitude": {
      "type": "spatial",
      "extent": [
        -180.0,
        179.75
      ],
      "axis": "x",
      "unit": "degree_east",
      "size": 1440
    }
  },
  "cube:variables": {
    "categorical_freezing_rain_surface": {
      "dimensions": [
        "init_time",
        "ensemble_member",
        "lead_time",
        "latitude",
        "longitude"
      ],
      "type": "data",
      "unit": "1",
      "long_name": "Categorical freezing rain",
      "short_name": "cfrzr",
      "comment": "0=no; 1=yes"
    },
    "categorical_ice_pellets_surface": {
      "dimensions": [
        "init_time",
        "ensemble_member",
        "lead_time",
        "latitude",
        "longitude"
      ],
      "type": "data",
      "unit": "1",
      "long_name": "Categorical ice pellets",
      "short_name": "cicep",
      "comment": "0=no; 1=yes"
    },
    "categorical_rain_surface": {
      "dimensions": [
        "init_time",
        "ensemble_member",
        "lead_time",
        "latitude",
        "longitude"
      ],
      "type": "data",
      "unit": "1",
      "long_name": "Categorical rain",
      "short_name": "crain",
      "comment": "0=no; 1=yes"
    },
    "categorical_snow_surface": {
      "dimensions": [
        "init_time",
        "ensemble_member",
        "lead_time",
        "latitude",
        "longitude"
      ],
      "type": "data",
      "unit": "1",
      "long_name": "Categorical snow",
      "short_name": "csnow",
      "comment": "0=no; 1=yes"
    },
    "downward_long_wave_radiation_flux_surface": {
      "dimensions": [
        "init_time",
        "ensemble_member",
        "lead_time",
        "latitude",
        "longitude"
      ],
      "type": "data",
      "unit": "W m-2",
      "long_name": "Surface downward long-wave radiation flux",
      "standard_name": "surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air",
      "short_name": "sdlwrf",
      "comment": "Average value in the last 6 hour period (00, 06, 12, 18 UTC) or 3 hour period (03, 09, 15, 21 UTC)."
    },
    "downward_short_wave_radiation_flux_surface": {
      "dimensions": [
        "init_time",
        "ensemble_member",
        "lead_time",
        "latitude",
        "longitude"
      ],
      "type": "data",
      "unit": "W m-2",
      "long_name": "Surface downward short-wave radiation flux",
      "standard_name": "surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air",
      "short_name": "sdswrf",
      "comment": "Average value in the last 6 hour period (00, 06, 12, 18 UTC) or 3 hour period (03, 09, 15, 21 UTC)."
    },
    "geopotential_height_500hpa": {
      "dimensions": [
        "init_time",
        "ensemble_member",
        "lead_time",
        "latitude",
        "longitude"
      ],
      "type": "data",
      "unit": "m",
      "long_name": "Geopotential height",
      "standard_name": "geopotential_height",
      "short_name": "gh"
    },
    "geopotential_height_cloud_ceiling": {
      "dimensions": [
        "init_time",
        "ensemble_member",
        "lead_time",
        "latitude",
        "longitude"
      ],
      "type": "data",
      "unit": "m",
      "long_name": "Geopotential height",
      "standard_name": "geopotential_height",
      "short_name": "gh"
    },
    "maximum_temperature_2m": {
      "dimensions": [
        "init_time",
        "ensemble_member",
        "lead_time",
        "latitude",
        "longitude"
      ],
      "type": "data",
      "unit": "degree_Celsius",
      "long_name": "Maximum temperature",
      "standard_name": "air_temperature",
      "short_name": "tmax"
    },
    "minimum_temperature_2m": {
      "dimensions": [
        "init_time",
        "ensemble_member",
        "lead_time",
        "latitude",
        "longitude"
      ],
      "type": "data",
      "unit": "degree_Celsius",
      "long_name": "Minimum temperature",
      "standard_name": "air_temperature",
      "short_name": "tmin"
    },
    "percent_frozen_precipitation_surface": {
      "dimensions": [
        "init_time",
        "ensemble_member",
        "lead_time",
        "latitude",
        "longitude"
      ],
      "type": "data",
      "unit": "percent",
      "long_name": "Percent frozen precipitation",
      "short_name": "cpofp",
      "comment": "Contains the value -50 when there is no precipitation."
    },
    "precipitable_water_atmosphere": {
      "dimensions": [
        "init_time",
        "ensemble_member",
        "lead_time",
        "latitude",
        "longitude"
      ],
      "type": "data",
      "unit": "kg m-2",
      "long_name": "Precipitable water",
      "standard_name": "atmosphere_mass_content_of_water_vapor",
      "short_name": "pwat"
    },
    "precipitation_surface": {
      "dimensions": [
        "init_time",
        "ensemble_member",
        "lead_time",
        "latitude",
        "longitude"
      ],
      "type": "data",
      "unit": "kg m-2 s-1",
      "long_name": "Precipitation rate",
      "standard_name": "precipitation_flux",
      "short_name": "prate",
      "comment": "Average precipitation rate since the previous forecast step. Units equivalent to mm/s."
    },
    "pressure_reduced_to_mean_sea_level": {
      "dimensions": [
        "init_time",
        "ensemble_member",
        "lead_time",
        "latitude",
        "longitude"
      ],
      "type": "data",
      "unit": "Pa",
      "long_name": "Pressure reduced to MSL",
      "standard_name": "air_pressure_at_mean_sea_level",
      "short_name": "prmsl"
    },
    "pressure_surface": {
      "dimensions": [
        "init_time",
        "ensemble_member",
        "lead_time",
        "latitude",
        "longitude"
      ],
      "type": "data",
      "unit": "Pa",
      "long_name": "Surface pressure",
      "standard_name": "surface_air_pressure",
      "short_name": "sp"
    },
    "relative_humidity_2m": {
      "dimensions": [
        "init_time",
        "ensemble_member",
        "lead_time",
        "latitude",
        "longitude"
      ],
      "type": "data",
      "unit": "percent",
      "long_name": "2 metre relative humidity",
      "standard_name": "relative_humidity",
      "short_name": "2r"
    },
    "temperature_2m": {
      "dimensions": [
        "init_time",
        "ensemble_member",
        "lead_time",
        "latitude",
        "longitude"
      ],
      "type": "data",
      "unit": "degree_Celsius",
      "long_name": "2 metre temperature",
      "standard_name": "air_temperature",
      "short_name": "2t"
    },
    "total_cloud_cover_atmosphere": {
      "dimensions": [
        "init_time",
        "ensemble_member",
        "lead_time",
        "latitude",
        "longitude"
      ],
      "type": "data",
      "unit": "percent",
      "long_name": "Total cloud cover",
      "standard_name": "cloud_area_fraction",
      "short_name": "tcc",
      "comment": "Average value in the last 6 hour period (00, 06, 12, 18 UTC) or 3 hour period (03, 09, 15, 21 UTC)."
    },
    "wind_u_100m": {
      "dimensions": [
        "init_time",
        "ensemble_member",
        "lead_time",
        "latitude",
        "longitude"
      ],
      "type": "data",
      "unit": "m s-1",
      "long_name": "100 metre U wind component",
      "standard_name": "eastward_wind",
      "short_name": "100u"
    },
    "wind_u_10m": {
      "dimensions": [
        "init_time",
        "ensemble_member",
        "lead_time",
        "latitude",
        "longitude"
      ],
      "type": "data",
      "unit": "m s-1",
      "long_name": "10 metre U wind component",
      "standard_name": "eastward_wind",
      "short_name": "10u"
    },
    "wind_v_100m": {
      "dimensions": [
        "init_time",
        "ensemble_member",
        "lead_time",
        "latitude",
        "longitude"
      ],
      "type": "data",
      "unit": "m s-1",
      "long_name": "100 metre V wind component",
      "standard_name": "northward_wind",
      "short_name": "100v"
    },
    "wind_v_10m": {
      "dimensions": [
        "init_time",
        "ensemble_member",
        "lead_time",
        "latitude",
        "longitude"
      ],
      "type": "data",
      "unit": "m s-1",
      "long_name": "10 metre V wind component",
      "standard_name": "northward_wind",
      "short_name": "10v"
    }
  },
  "title": "NOAA GEFS forecast, 35 day",
  "extent": {
    "spatial": {
      "bbox": [
        [
          -180.0,
          -90.0,
          179.75,
          90.0
        ]
      ]
    },
    "temporal": {
      "interval": [
        [
          "2020-10-01T00:00:00Z",
          null
        ]
      ]
    }
  },
  "license": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "summaries": {
    "spatial_domain": [
      "Global"
    ],
    "spatial_resolution": [
      "0-240 hours: 0.25 degrees (~20km), 243-840 hours: 0.5 degrees (~40km)"
    ],
    "time_domain": [
      "Forecasts initialized 2020-10-01 00:00:00 UTC to Present"
    ],
    "time_resolution": [
      "Forecasts initialized every 24 hours"
    ],
    "forecast_domain": [
      "Forecast lead time 0-840 hours (0-35 days) ahead"
    ],
    "forecast_resolution": [
      "Forecast step 0-240 hours: 3 hourly, 243-840 hours: 6 hourly"
    ]
  },
  "assets": {
    "icechunk": {
      "href": "s3://dynamical-noaa-gefs/noaa-gefs-forecast-35-day/v0.2.0.icechunk/",
      "type": "application/x-icechunk",
      "title": "Icechunk v2 repository",
      "xarray:open_kwargs": {
        "engine": "zarr"
      },
      "xarray:storage_options": {
        "anon": true,
        "client_kwargs": {
          "region_name": "us-west-2"
        }
      },
      "roles": [
        "data"
      ]
    }
  }
}